2021
|
Crémades, A., Ford, M., Charreau, J. Evidence of decoupled deformation during Jurassic rifting and Cenozoic inversion phases in the salt-rich Corbi`eres-Languedoc Transfer Zone (Pyreneo-Provençal orogen, France) (Article de journal) Dans: BSGF- Earth Sciences Bulletin, vol. 192, no. 37, 2021. @article{Crmades_etal2021,
title = {Evidence of decoupled deformation during Jurassic rifting and Cenozoic inversion phases in the salt-rich Corbi`eres-Languedoc Transfer Zone (Pyreneo-Proven\c{c}al orogen, France)},
author = {A. Cr\'{e}mades and M. Ford and J. Charreau},
doi = {10.1051/bsgf/2021022},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {BSGF- Earth Sciences Bulletin},
volume = {192},
number = {37},
abstract = {A detailed field study of Jurassic tectono-stratigraphic architecture of the southwestern part of the Corbi`eres-Languedoc Transfer Zone (CLTZ, NE-SW oriented), between the Pyrenean and Proven\c{c}al orogenic segments (N110 oriented) in SE France, document for the first time variations in thickness and stratigraphic geometries in relation to oblique extensional cover structures (NE-SW and N110 oriented). These structures (low-dip normal faults, salt rollers, rollovers, forced folds) formed during a Jurassic extension phase with strong decoupling between basement and cover on the Keuper pre-rift salt (Carnian-Norian evaporites). Some of these structures such as the Treilles Fault, the Valdria and the Terres Noires fold pairs, were previously interpreted as compressional and Pyrenean in origin (Late Santonian-Bartonian). Our study instead shows that these are Jurassic extensional and salt related structures, which were later affected by Pyrenean compression and Oligo-Miocene extension. Evidence of Jurassic extension is still observable in the field despite later rectivations, making these good field analogs for gently inverted extensional salt structures. During the Jurassic the interference between oblique structures above Keuper, leads to the formation of three dimensional growth strata observable at kilometric scale. Despite the mechanical decoupling effect of Keuper, we infer that their formation was linked to a strong interaction between oblique basement structures (NE-SW and N110) as the area lies during the Jurassic at the intersection between the eastern part of the Pyrenean E-W trending rift system and the NE-SW trending European margin of the Alpine Tethys rift. The decoupled deformation and the strong segmentation above and below Keuper detachement are here identified as Jurassic structural inheritence for later tectonic events, notably for the Nappe des Corbi`eres Orientales emplaced at the end of Pyrenean orogenesis. Associated to previous works, this study highlights that the CLTZ is a key area to better understand Pyreneo-Proven\c{c}al system evolution along its whole Wilson cycle and to better understand the processes that govern the formation of a salt-rich transfer zone in a strongly pre-structured crust, its multiple reactivations and the decoupling role of salt.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A detailed field study of Jurassic tectono-stratigraphic architecture of the southwestern part of the Corbi`eres-Languedoc Transfer Zone (CLTZ, NE-SW oriented), between the Pyrenean and Provençal orogenic segments (N110 oriented) in SE France, document for the first time variations in thickness and stratigraphic geometries in relation to oblique extensional cover structures (NE-SW and N110 oriented). These structures (low-dip normal faults, salt rollers, rollovers, forced folds) formed during a Jurassic extension phase with strong decoupling between basement and cover on the Keuper pre-rift salt (Carnian-Norian evaporites). Some of these structures such as the Treilles Fault, the Valdria and the Terres Noires fold pairs, were previously interpreted as compressional and Pyrenean in origin (Late Santonian-Bartonian). Our study instead shows that these are Jurassic extensional and salt related structures, which were later affected by Pyrenean compression and Oligo-Miocene extension. Evidence of Jurassic extension is still observable in the field despite later rectivations, making these good field analogs for gently inverted extensional salt structures. During the Jurassic the interference between oblique structures above Keuper, leads to the formation of three dimensional growth strata observable at kilometric scale. Despite the mechanical decoupling effect of Keuper, we infer that their formation was linked to a strong interaction between oblique basement structures (NE-SW and N110) as the area lies during the Jurassic at the intersection between the eastern part of the Pyrenean E-W trending rift system and the NE-SW trending European margin of the Alpine Tethys rift. The decoupled deformation and the strong segmentation above and below Keuper detachement are here identified as Jurassic structural inheritence for later tectonic events, notably for the Nappe des Corbi`eres Orientales emplaced at the end of Pyrenean orogenesis. Associated to previous works, this study highlights that the CLTZ is a key area to better understand Pyreneo-Provençal system evolution along its whole Wilson cycle and to better understand the processes that govern the formation of a salt-rich transfer zone in a strongly pre-structured crust, its multiple reactivations and the decoupling role of salt. |
Hemelsda"el, R., Charreau, J., Ford, M., Proborukmi, M. S., Malartre, F., Urban, B., Blard, P. H. Tectono-climatic controls of the early rift alluvial succession: Plio-Pleistocene Corinth Rift (Greece) (Article de journal) Dans: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 576, p. 110507, 2021. @article{Hemelsdal_etal2021,
title = {Tectono-climatic controls of the early rift alluvial succession: Plio-Pleistocene Corinth Rift (Greece)},
author = {R. Hemelsda"el and J. Charreau and M. Ford and M. S. Proborukmi and F. Malartre and B. Urban and P. H. Blard},
doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110507},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
volume = {576},
pages = {110507},
abstract = {Proximal alluvial sediments represent a useful sedimentary archive to reconstruct the tectono-climatic history of continental rift basins. However, poor dating of coarse fluvial successions usually prevents high-resolution distinction of tectonic and climatic processes, and thus good determination of process rates. This paper presents a dating study of Plio-Pleistocene Kalavryta river system during the early history of the Corinth Rift (northern Peloponnese, Greece) based on magnetostratigraphy and palynology. This river system developed across several active normal fault blocks that are now uplifted along the southern rift margin. The detailed sedimentary record constrains alluvial architectures from the proximal basin to the river outlet where small deltas built into a shallow lake. In four magnetostratigraphy sections the correlation to the reference scale relies on the identification of the Gauss/Matuyama magnetic reversal and biostratigraphic elements. The river system developed between about 3.6 to 1.8 Ma, with sediment accumulation rates (SARs) ranging from 0.40 to 0.75 mm yr−1. SAR is lower in the alluvial fans than in the deltaic system, and higher at the centre of the normal fault depocentres than at the fault tip. By comparison with worldwide Cenozoic SARs, our values are higher but lie in the same range as those determined in coarse alluvial foreland basins. Moreover, in the context of overfilled intra-mountainous rift basins, these rates are minimum values and can be used as a proxy for accommodation rate. Therefore, early rift stratal wedges and growth synclines attest high sedimentation rates and also high rates of tectonic processes. Finally, in the distal river system, floral compositions and changes of vegetation deduced from palynological data are coherent with alternating fluvio-deltaic and shallow lacustrine deposits, which are linked to relative base level variations. Dry/cool climate is preferentially recorded during periods of low lake level, while the warm/moist climate is mainly recorded in prodelta deposits during periods of high lake level. This correlation suggests that, despite the dominant control of active faulting, climate is a key control of syn-rift stratigraphic architectures.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Proximal alluvial sediments represent a useful sedimentary archive to reconstruct the tectono-climatic history of continental rift basins. However, poor dating of coarse fluvial successions usually prevents high-resolution distinction of tectonic and climatic processes, and thus good determination of process rates. This paper presents a dating study of Plio-Pleistocene Kalavryta river system during the early history of the Corinth Rift (northern Peloponnese, Greece) based on magnetostratigraphy and palynology. This river system developed across several active normal fault blocks that are now uplifted along the southern rift margin. The detailed sedimentary record constrains alluvial architectures from the proximal basin to the river outlet where small deltas built into a shallow lake. In four magnetostratigraphy sections the correlation to the reference scale relies on the identification of the Gauss/Matuyama magnetic reversal and biostratigraphic elements. The river system developed between about 3.6 to 1.8 Ma, with sediment accumulation rates (SARs) ranging from 0.40 to 0.75 mm yr−1. SAR is lower in the alluvial fans than in the deltaic system, and higher at the centre of the normal fault depocentres than at the fault tip. By comparison with worldwide Cenozoic SARs, our values are higher but lie in the same range as those determined in coarse alluvial foreland basins. Moreover, in the context of overfilled intra-mountainous rift basins, these rates are minimum values and can be used as a proxy for accommodation rate. Therefore, early rift stratal wedges and growth synclines attest high sedimentation rates and also high rates of tectonic processes. Finally, in the distal river system, floral compositions and changes of vegetation deduced from palynological data are coherent with alternating fluvio-deltaic and shallow lacustrine deposits, which are linked to relative base level variations. Dry/cool climate is preferentially recorded during periods of low lake level, while the warm/moist climate is mainly recorded in prodelta deposits during periods of high lake level. This correlation suggests that, despite the dominant control of active faulting, climate is a key control of syn-rift stratigraphic architectures. |
2020
|
Bahnan, A. E., Carpentier, C., Pironon, J., Ford, M., Ducoux, M., Barré, G., Mangenot, X., Gaucher, E. C. Impact of geodynamics onfluid circulation and diagenesis of carbonatereservoirs in a foreland basin: Example of the Upper Lacq reservoir(Aquitaine basin, SW France) (Article de journal) Dans: Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol. 111, p. 676–694, 2020. @article{Bahnan_etal2020,
title = {Impact of geodynamics onfluid circulation and diagenesis of carbonatereservoirs in a foreland basin: Example of the Upper Lacq reservoir(Aquitaine basin, SW France)},
author = {A. E. Bahnan and C. Carpentier and J. Pironon and M. Ford and M. Ducoux and G. Barr\'{e} and X. Mangenot and E. C. Gaucher},
doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.08.047},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},
volume = {111},
pages = {676--694},
abstract = {Orogeny-drivenfluids that circulate in foreland basins can have strong impacts on petroleum systems and re-servoir properties. This applies to the Upper Cretaceous Lacq reservoir of the Aquitaine Basin in southwesternFrance located north of the Pyrenean Mountains. We study a drillcore from a 650 m deep oil reservoir todocument how the evolution of a foreland basin, which formed after a hyperextension phase, affectedfluidcirculation and eventually reservoir diagenesis. Using drillcore samples, petrographic observations,fluid in-clusion studies coupled with thermodynamic modeling, isotopic and rare earth element geochemistry, as well asbasin modeling were performed to investigate and describe thefluid types and sources, the pressure-temperatureevolution and the timing of diageneticfluidflow. Early diagenesis involves some bacterial activity representedby micrite rims and framboidal pyrites, as well as early dolomitization involving a mixture of meteoric andformationfluids. During burial, dolomite overgrowth, saddle dolomites, coarse blocky calcites and anhydritesprecipitate. The last products consist of iron oxide precipitation and meteoric recharge of the reservoir withgroundwater. Our results indicate that after the deposition of the Paleoceneflysch formation, Mg-rich, lowsalinity, hot, and relatively deep clay-releasedfluids migrated along thrust faults from deeper parts of the basinduring the climax of the compressional Pyrenean phase (Eocene). They acted as dolomitizing hydrothermalfluids with a thermal disequilibrium in the order of 30--40 textdegreeC hotter than the ambient host rocks. Another or-ogeny-driven, hydrothermal and Mg-poorfluid mixed with oil generated by Jurassic-Barremian source rocks andprecipitated calcites and anhydrites. Finally, during uplift, oxidizingfluids were laterally introduced as thepresent-day groundwater. Hence, by combining different petrographic, geochemical and modeling proxies, wedocument how the Eocene orogenic phase played a crucial role in basin-scalefluidflow and carbonate diag-enesis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Orogeny-drivenfluids that circulate in foreland basins can have strong impacts on petroleum systems and re-servoir properties. This applies to the Upper Cretaceous Lacq reservoir of the Aquitaine Basin in southwesternFrance located north of the Pyrenean Mountains. We study a drillcore from a 650 m deep oil reservoir todocument how the evolution of a foreland basin, which formed after a hyperextension phase, affectedfluidcirculation and eventually reservoir diagenesis. Using drillcore samples, petrographic observations,fluid in-clusion studies coupled with thermodynamic modeling, isotopic and rare earth element geochemistry, as well asbasin modeling were performed to investigate and describe thefluid types and sources, the pressure-temperatureevolution and the timing of diageneticfluidflow. Early diagenesis involves some bacterial activity representedby micrite rims and framboidal pyrites, as well as early dolomitization involving a mixture of meteoric andformationfluids. During burial, dolomite overgrowth, saddle dolomites, coarse blocky calcites and anhydritesprecipitate. The last products consist of iron oxide precipitation and meteoric recharge of the reservoir withgroundwater. Our results indicate that after the deposition of the Paleoceneflysch formation, Mg-rich, lowsalinity, hot, and relatively deep clay-releasedfluids migrated along thrust faults from deeper parts of the basinduring the climax of the compressional Pyrenean phase (Eocene). They acted as dolomitizing hydrothermalfluids with a thermal disequilibrium in the order of 30--40 textdegreeC hotter than the ambient host rocks. Another or-ogeny-driven, hydrothermal and Mg-poorfluid mixed with oil generated by Jurassic-Barremian source rocks andprecipitated calcites and anhydrites. Finally, during uplift, oxidizingfluids were laterally introduced as thepresent-day groundwater. Hence, by combining different petrographic, geochemical and modeling proxies, wedocument how the Eocene orogenic phase played a crucial role in basin-scalefluidflow and carbonate diag-enesis. |
Bernard, T., Sinclair, H. D., Naylor, M., Christophoul, F., Ford, M. Post‐orogenic sediment drape in the Northern Pyrenees explained using a box model (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, 2020. @article{Bernard_etal2020,
title = {Post‐orogenic sediment drape in the Northern Pyrenees explained using a box model},
author = {T. Bernard and H. D. Sinclair and M. Naylor and F. Christophoul and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1111/bre.12457},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
abstract = {The transition to a post‐orogenic state in mountain ranges has been identified by a change from active subsidence to isostatic rebound of the foreland basin. However, the nature of the interplay between isostatic rebound and sediment supply, and their impact on the topographic evolution of a range and foreland basin during this transition, has not been fully investigated. Here, we use a box model to explore the syn‐ to post‐orogenic evolution of foreland basin/thrust wedge systems. Using a set of parameter values that approximate the northern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Aquitaine foreland basin, we evaluate the controls on sediment drape over the frontal parts of the retro‐wedge following cessation of crustal thickening. Conglomerates preserved at approximately 600‐m elevation, which is 300 m above the present mountain front in the northern Pyrenees are ca. 12 Ma, approximately 10 Myrs younger than the last evidence of crustal thickening in the wedge. Using the model, this post‐orogenic sediment drape is explained by the combination of a sustained, high sediment influx from the range into the basin relative to the efflux out of the basin, combined with cessation of the generation of accommodation space through basin subsidence. Post‐orogenic sediment drape is considered a generic process that is likely to be responsible for elevated low‐gradient surfaces and preserved remnants of continental sedimentation draping the outer margins of the northern Pyrenean thrust wedge.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The transition to a post‐orogenic state in mountain ranges has been identified by a change from active subsidence to isostatic rebound of the foreland basin. However, the nature of the interplay between isostatic rebound and sediment supply, and their impact on the topographic evolution of a range and foreland basin during this transition, has not been fully investigated. Here, we use a box model to explore the syn‐ to post‐orogenic evolution of foreland basin/thrust wedge systems. Using a set of parameter values that approximate the northern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Aquitaine foreland basin, we evaluate the controls on sediment drape over the frontal parts of the retro‐wedge following cessation of crustal thickening. Conglomerates preserved at approximately 600‐m elevation, which is 300 m above the present mountain front in the northern Pyrenees are ca. 12 Ma, approximately 10 Myrs younger than the last evidence of crustal thickening in the wedge. Using the model, this post‐orogenic sediment drape is explained by the combination of a sustained, high sediment influx from the range into the basin relative to the efflux out of the basin, combined with cessation of the generation of accommodation space through basin subsidence. Post‐orogenic sediment drape is considered a generic process that is likely to be responsible for elevated low‐gradient surfaces and preserved remnants of continental sedimentation draping the outer margins of the northern Pyrenean thrust wedge. |
Ford, M., Vergés, J. Evolution of a salt-rich transtensional rifted margin, eastern North Pyrenees, France (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of the Geological Society, p. jgs2019-157, 2020. @article{Ford+Vergs2020,
title = {Evolution of a salt-rich transtensional rifted margin, eastern North Pyrenees, France},
author = {M. Ford and J. Verg\'{e}s},
doi = {10.1144/jgs2019-157},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the Geological Society},
pages = {jgs2019-157},
abstract = {In this field study we reinterpret the narrow eastern North Pyrenean Zone, France, as an inverted salt-rich transtensive rift system based on identification of halokinetic depositional sequences across rift platform to distal rift margin domains with a cumulative throw of \>2.8 km on steep Cretaceous faults. The rift platform records extension on detached rotational faults above pre-rift Triassic evaporites to end Aptian with uplift and erosion during main Albian rifting. Transtensional Aptian-Albian minibasins align along the salt-rich rift margin fault zone. In the main rift large en echelon minibasins developed between salt walls during the Aptian-Albian, although Jurassic diapiric evolution is likely. Upper Cretaceous units locally record ongoing diapirism. Boucheville and Bas Agly depocentres, altered by syn-rift HT metamorphism, form the distal rift domain terminating south against the North Pyrenean Fault. The narrowness of the Pyrenean rift, the shape of minibasins, the en echelon oblique synclinal depocentres and folds coupled with a discontinuous distribution and intensity of HT metamorphism support a transtensional regime along the Iberia-Europe plate margin during Early and early Late Cretaceous. In this model, the distal European margin comprises deep faults limiting laterally discontinuous crustal domains and textquoterighthottextquoteright pull-apart basins with mantle rocks directly beneath sedimentary cover.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this field study we reinterpret the narrow eastern North Pyrenean Zone, France, as an inverted salt-rich transtensive rift system based on identification of halokinetic depositional sequences across rift platform to distal rift margin domains with a cumulative throw of >2.8 km on steep Cretaceous faults. The rift platform records extension on detached rotational faults above pre-rift Triassic evaporites to end Aptian with uplift and erosion during main Albian rifting. Transtensional Aptian-Albian minibasins align along the salt-rich rift margin fault zone. In the main rift large en echelon minibasins developed between salt walls during the Aptian-Albian, although Jurassic diapiric evolution is likely. Upper Cretaceous units locally record ongoing diapirism. Boucheville and Bas Agly depocentres, altered by syn-rift HT metamorphism, form the distal rift domain terminating south against the North Pyrenean Fault. The narrowness of the Pyrenean rift, the shape of minibasins, the en echelon oblique synclinal depocentres and folds coupled with a discontinuous distribution and intensity of HT metamorphism support a transtensional regime along the Iberia-Europe plate margin during Early and early Late Cretaceous. In this model, the distal European margin comprises deep faults limiting laterally discontinuous crustal domains and textquoterighthottextquoteright pull-apart basins with mantle rocks directly beneath sedimentary cover. |
2019
|
Bernard, T., Sinclair, H. D., Gailleton, B., Mudd, S. M., Ford, M. Lithological control on the post-orogenic topography and erosion history of the Pyrenees (Article de journal) Dans: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 518, p. 53–66, 2019. @article{Bernard_etal2019,
title = {Lithological control on the post-orogenic topography and erosion history of the Pyrenees},
author = {T. Bernard and H. D. Sinclair and B. Gailleton and S. M. Mudd and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2019.04.034},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
volume = {518},
pages = {53--66},
abstract = {Numerous studies on active mountain ranges have demonstrated the interaction between tectonics and climate in shaping topography. Here we explore how variations in rock types have affected the topographic development of the Pyrenees since cessation of orogenesis ca. 20 Ma. Our study is based on a multidisciplinary approach and integrates topographic analyses, rock strength measurements and thermal modelling of low-temperature thermochronological data published across the Central Pyrenees. Results indicate a strong influence of rock strength in determining the post-orogenic morphology of the Pyrenees. We observe a correlation between rock strength and the normalized channel steepness index () of the different lithologies. Moreover, the highest topography is dominated by the Variscan plutonic massifs which have highest rock strength. Consequently, the drainage divide appears to track the position of these massifs. Abrupt deceleration of exhumation recorded in inverse modelling of low-temperature thermochronologic data suggests that the exhumation of the Variscan massifs also played role in lowering in erosion rates over the massifs during orogenesis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Numerous studies on active mountain ranges have demonstrated the interaction between tectonics and climate in shaping topography. Here we explore how variations in rock types have affected the topographic development of the Pyrenees since cessation of orogenesis ca. 20 Ma. Our study is based on a multidisciplinary approach and integrates topographic analyses, rock strength measurements and thermal modelling of low-temperature thermochronological data published across the Central Pyrenees. Results indicate a strong influence of rock strength in determining the post-orogenic morphology of the Pyrenees. We observe a correlation between rock strength and the normalized channel steepness index () of the different lithologies. Moreover, the highest topography is dominated by the Variscan plutonic massifs which have highest rock strength. Consequently, the drainage divide appears to track the position of these massifs. Abrupt deceleration of exhumation recorded in inverse modelling of low-temperature thermochronologic data suggests that the exhumation of the Variscan massifs also played role in lowering in erosion rates over the massifs during orogenesis. |
Dielforder, A., Frasca, G., Brune, S., Ford, M. Formation of the Iberian‐European convergent plate boundary fault and its effect on intraplate deformation in Central Europe (Article de journal) Dans: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3, vol. 20, no. 5, p. 2395–2417, 2019. @article{Dielforder_etal2019,
title = {Formation of the Iberian‐European convergent plate boundary fault and its effect on intraplate deformation in Central Europe},
author = {A. Dielforder and G. Frasca and S. Brune and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1029/2018GC007840},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3},
volume = {20},
number = {5},
pages = {2395--2417},
abstract = {With the Late Cretaceous onset of Africa‐Iberia‐Europe convergence Central Europe experienced a pulse of intraplate shortening lasting some 15--20 Myr. This deformation event documents area‐wide deviatoric compression of Europe and has been interpreted as a far‐field response to Africa‐Iberia‐Europe convergence. However, the factors that governed the compression of Europe and conditioned the transient character of the deformation event have remained unclear. Based on mechanical considerations, numerical simulations, and geological reconstructions, we examine how the dynamics of intraplate deformation were governed by the formation of a convergent plate boundary fault between Iberia and Europe. During the Late Cretaceous, plate convergence was accommodated by the inversion of a young hyperextended rift system separating Iberia from Europe. Our analysis shows that the strength of the lithosphere beneath this rift was initially sufficient to transmit large compressive stresses far into Europe, though the lithosphere beneath the rift was thinned and thermally weakened. Continued convergence forced the formation of the plate boundary fault between Iberia and Europe. The fault evolved progressively and constituted a lithospheric‐scale structure at the southern margin of Europe that weakened rheologically. This development caused a decrease in mechanical coupling between Iberia and Europe and a reduction of compressional far field stresses, which eventually terminated intraplate deformation in Central Europe. Taken together, our findings suggest that the Late Cretaceous intraplate deformation event records a high force transient that relates to the earliest strength evolution of a lithospheric‐scale plate boundary fault.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
With the Late Cretaceous onset of Africa‐Iberia‐Europe convergence Central Europe experienced a pulse of intraplate shortening lasting some 15--20 Myr. This deformation event documents area‐wide deviatoric compression of Europe and has been interpreted as a far‐field response to Africa‐Iberia‐Europe convergence. However, the factors that governed the compression of Europe and conditioned the transient character of the deformation event have remained unclear. Based on mechanical considerations, numerical simulations, and geological reconstructions, we examine how the dynamics of intraplate deformation were governed by the formation of a convergent plate boundary fault between Iberia and Europe. During the Late Cretaceous, plate convergence was accommodated by the inversion of a young hyperextended rift system separating Iberia from Europe. Our analysis shows that the strength of the lithosphere beneath this rift was initially sufficient to transmit large compressive stresses far into Europe, though the lithosphere beneath the rift was thinned and thermally weakened. Continued convergence forced the formation of the plate boundary fault between Iberia and Europe. The fault evolved progressively and constituted a lithospheric‐scale structure at the southern margin of Europe that weakened rheologically. This development caused a decrease in mechanical coupling between Iberia and Europe and a reduction of compressional far field stresses, which eventually terminated intraplate deformation in Central Europe. Taken together, our findings suggest that the Late Cretaceous intraplate deformation event records a high force transient that relates to the earliest strength evolution of a lithospheric‐scale plate boundary fault. |
Espurt, N., Angrand, P., Teixell, A., Labaume, P., Ford, M. Crustal-scale balanced cross-section and restorations of the Central Pyrenean belt (Nestes-Cinca transect) : Highlighting the structural control of Variscan belt and Permian-Mesozoic rift systems on mountain building (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonophysics, vol. 764, p. 25–45, 2019. @article{Espurt_etal2019,
title = {Crustal-scale balanced cross-section and restorations of the Central Pyrenean belt (Nestes-Cinca transect) : Highlighting the structural control of Variscan belt and Permian-Mesozoic rift systems on mountain building},
author = {N. Espurt and P. Angrand and A. Teixell and P. Labaume and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2019.04.026},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Tectonophysics},
volume = {764},
pages = {25--45},
abstract = {n this paper, we combined new field geological, structural, paleo-temperature and subsurface data together with deep geophysical data to build a new 210 km-long crustal-scale balanced and sequentially restored cross-section in the Central Pyrenean belt (Nestes-Cinca transect). The present-day surficial thrust system geometry of the belt consists of bi-vergent basement-cover thrust sheets with inverted extensional basins and halokinetic structures. Its crustal geometry consists of a thrust wedge geometry of the European lithosphere between the Axial Zone imbricate system of the Iberian upper crust and the north-directed subduction of the Iberian lower crust. Along the study transect, the contractional belt corresponds to the inversion of the Mesozoic Pyrenean Rift system, which consisted in a hyper-extended relay zone of two metamorphic zones with exhumation of lithospheric mantle, the Montillet and Baronnies zones, separated by the Barousse upper crustal boudin. Surface and subsurface data show that the European and Iberian crusts include major inherited structures of the Variscan belt and Permian Rift. These old crustal features controlled the location and geometry of the Mesozoic Pyrenean Rift system. During the upper Cretaceous-lower Miocene contraction, both Paleozoic and Mesozoic inherited features controlled the thrust kinematics and the structural architecture of the Pyrenean orogen. Palinspastic restorations show that the orogenic shortening recorded in the Central Pyrenean belt reaches 127 km (39%) including the closure of the hyper-extended Pyrenean Rift system that initially archived 56 km of extension. This study emphasizes the long-term influence of Paleozoic-Mesozoic structural and thermal inheritances for the evolution of orogenic belts.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
n this paper, we combined new field geological, structural, paleo-temperature and subsurface data together with deep geophysical data to build a new 210 km-long crustal-scale balanced and sequentially restored cross-section in the Central Pyrenean belt (Nestes-Cinca transect). The present-day surficial thrust system geometry of the belt consists of bi-vergent basement-cover thrust sheets with inverted extensional basins and halokinetic structures. Its crustal geometry consists of a thrust wedge geometry of the European lithosphere between the Axial Zone imbricate system of the Iberian upper crust and the north-directed subduction of the Iberian lower crust. Along the study transect, the contractional belt corresponds to the inversion of the Mesozoic Pyrenean Rift system, which consisted in a hyper-extended relay zone of two metamorphic zones with exhumation of lithospheric mantle, the Montillet and Baronnies zones, separated by the Barousse upper crustal boudin. Surface and subsurface data show that the European and Iberian crusts include major inherited structures of the Variscan belt and Permian Rift. These old crustal features controlled the location and geometry of the Mesozoic Pyrenean Rift system. During the upper Cretaceous-lower Miocene contraction, both Paleozoic and Mesozoic inherited features controlled the thrust kinematics and the structural architecture of the Pyrenean orogen. Palinspastic restorations show that the orogenic shortening recorded in the Central Pyrenean belt reaches 127 km (39%) including the closure of the hyper-extended Pyrenean Rift system that initially archived 56 km of extension. This study emphasizes the long-term influence of Paleozoic-Mesozoic structural and thermal inheritances for the evolution of orogenic belts. |
Grool, A. R., Huismans, R. S., Ford, M. Salt décollement and rift inheritance controls on crustal deformation in orogens (Article de journal) Dans: Terra Nova, vol. 31, p. 562–568, 2019. @article{Grool_etal2019,
title = {Salt d\'{e}collement and rift inheritance controls on crustal deformation in orogens},
author = {A. R. Grool and R. S. Huismans and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1111/ter.12428},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Terra Nova},
volume = {31},
pages = {562--568},
abstract = {We investigate the factors that control the shortening distribution and its evolution through time in orogenic belts using numerical models. We present self‐consistent high‐resolution numerical models that simulate the inversion of a rift to generate an upper crustal antiformal stack, a wide outer pro‐wedge fold‐and‐thrust belt, char‐acterised by a two‐phase evolution with early symmetric inversion followed by for‐mation of an asymmetric doubly‐vergent orogen. We show that a weak viscous salt d\'{e}collement promotes gravitational collapse of the cover. When combined with ef‐ficient erosion of the orogenic core and sedimentation in adjacent forelands, it en‐sures the thick‐skinned pro‐wedge taper remains subcritical, promoting formation of an upper crustal antiformal stack. Rift inheritance promotes a two‐phase short‐ening distribution evolution regardless of the shallow structure and other factors. Comparison to the Pyrenees strongly suggests that this combination of factors led to a very similar evolution and structural style.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We investigate the factors that control the shortening distribution and its evolution through time in orogenic belts using numerical models. We present self‐consistent high‐resolution numerical models that simulate the inversion of a rift to generate an upper crustal antiformal stack, a wide outer pro‐wedge fold‐and‐thrust belt, char‐acterised by a two‐phase evolution with early symmetric inversion followed by for‐mation of an asymmetric doubly‐vergent orogen. We show that a weak viscous salt décollement promotes gravitational collapse of the cover. When combined with ef‐ficient erosion of the orogenic core and sedimentation in adjacent forelands, it en‐sures the thick‐skinned pro‐wedge taper remains subcritical, promoting formation of an upper crustal antiformal stack. Rift inheritance promotes a two‐phase short‐ening distribution evolution regardless of the shallow structure and other factors. Comparison to the Pyrenees strongly suggests that this combination of factors led to a very similar evolution and structural style. |
McNeil, L. C., Shillington, D. J., Carter, G. D. O., Everest, J. D., Gawthorpe, R. L., Miller, C., Ber, E. Le, Philipps, M. P., Collier, R. E. Ll., Cvetkoska, A., Gelder, G. De, Diz, P., Doan, M. L., Ford, M. High-resolution record reveals climate-1 driven environmental and sedimentary changes in an active rift (Article de journal) Dans: Scientific Reports, 2019. @article{McNeil_etal2019,
title = {High-resolution record reveals climate-1 driven environmental and sedimentary changes in an active rift},
author = {L. C. McNeil and D. J. Shillington and G. D. O. Carter and J. D. Everest and R. L. Gawthorpe and C. Miller and E. Le Ber and M. P. Philipps and R. E. Ll. Collier and A. Cvetkoska and G. De Gelder and P. Diz and M. L. Doan and M. Ford},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Ternois, S., Odlum, M., Ford, M., Pik, R., Stockli, D., Tibari, B., Vacherat, A., Bernard, V. Thermochronological evidence of early orogenesis,Eastern Pyrenees, France (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonics, vol. 38, p. 1308–1336, 2019. @article{Ternois_etal2019,
title = {Thermochronological evidence of early orogenesis,Eastern Pyrenees, France},
author = {S. Ternois and M. Odlum and M. Ford and R. Pik and D. Stockli and B. Tibari and A. Vacherat and V. Bernard},
doi = {10.1029/2018TC005254},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Tectonics},
volume = {38},
pages = {1308--1336},
abstract = {The Pyrenean orogen was generated from late Santonian--early Campanian to middle Miocene by N‐S con-vergence of the Iberian and European plates (Choukroune, 1989 ; Mu~noz, 1992 ; Macchiavelli et al., 2017).External orogenic zones and foreland basins record two distinct periods of low but accelerating tectonicshortening and subsidence, latest Santonian--Danian and Thanetian--Oligocene, separated by a quiet (verylow to near‐zero subsidence) period during the Paleocene (Ford et al., 2016). These two periods arerecognized to be synorogenic and mark two phases of convergence, the second generally recorded asEocene--Oligocene in low‐temperature thermochronology studies. Significantly, the orogentextquoterights three‐phaseconvergence history does not correspond to behavior predicted by foreland dynamic models (Naylor \&Sinclair, 2008 ; Sinclair et al., 2005 ; Sinclair \& Naylor, 2012). While the evolution of crustal thickening, ther-micity, orogen relief, and erosion during the main Eocene--Oligocene collisional phase are well studied andshow a clear link to foreland basin dynamics (Fillon et al., 2013 ; Sinclair, 2011), the early Pyrenean history ofconvergence and the subsequent phase of quiescence are poorly constrained. In particular, there are few dataon the thermal and dynamic behavior of the orogen during the earliest phase of Pyrenean convergence. Therecord of early orogenesis is best observed in the retrowedge where shortening and translation values are low(Naylor \& Sinclair, 2008) and where the main Aptian--Cenomanian rifting phase is preserved. In this paperwe present new zircon and apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He (ZHe and AHe, respectively) data from an externalPaleozoic crustal block, Agly‐Salvezines (Figures 1 and 2), in the eastern Pyrenean retrowedge. By integrat-ing these data with new and published geological data, we address the following questions : Can we recog-nize a thermal signature for the onset of Pyrenean convergence and for Paleocene quiescence ? Are earlycrustal thermal events contemporaneous with early foreland tectonic events, or is there a lag time betweenthese two phenomena ? Can we distinguish an early orogenic thermal signature from other thermal eventssuch as those associated with preceding rifting or later collision ?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Pyrenean orogen was generated from late Santonian--early Campanian to middle Miocene by N‐S con-vergence of the Iberian and European plates (Choukroune, 1989 ; Mu~noz, 1992 ; Macchiavelli et al., 2017).External orogenic zones and foreland basins record two distinct periods of low but accelerating tectonicshortening and subsidence, latest Santonian--Danian and Thanetian--Oligocene, separated by a quiet (verylow to near‐zero subsidence) period during the Paleocene (Ford et al., 2016). These two periods arerecognized to be synorogenic and mark two phases of convergence, the second generally recorded asEocene--Oligocene in low‐temperature thermochronology studies. Significantly, the orogentextquoterights three‐phaseconvergence history does not correspond to behavior predicted by foreland dynamic models (Naylor &Sinclair, 2008 ; Sinclair et al., 2005 ; Sinclair & Naylor, 2012). While the evolution of crustal thickening, ther-micity, orogen relief, and erosion during the main Eocene--Oligocene collisional phase are well studied andshow a clear link to foreland basin dynamics (Fillon et al., 2013 ; Sinclair, 2011), the early Pyrenean history ofconvergence and the subsequent phase of quiescence are poorly constrained. In particular, there are few dataon the thermal and dynamic behavior of the orogen during the earliest phase of Pyrenean convergence. Therecord of early orogenesis is best observed in the retrowedge where shortening and translation values are low(Naylor & Sinclair, 2008) and where the main Aptian--Cenomanian rifting phase is preserved. In this paperwe present new zircon and apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He (ZHe and AHe, respectively) data from an externalPaleozoic crustal block, Agly‐Salvezines (Figures 1 and 2), in the eastern Pyrenean retrowedge. By integrat-ing these data with new and published geological data, we address the following questions : Can we recog-nize a thermal signature for the onset of Pyrenean convergence and for Paleocene quiescence ? Are earlycrustal thermal events contemporaneous with early foreland tectonic events, or is there a lag time betweenthese two phenomena ? Can we distinguish an early orogenic thermal signature from other thermal eventssuch as those associated with preceding rifting or later collision ? |
McNeil, L. C., Shillington, D. J., Carter, G. D. O., Everest, J. D., Ber, E. Le, Collier, R. E. Ll., Cvetkoska, A., Gelder, G. De, Diz, P., Doan, M. L., M.,, Ford, Corinth active rift development (Article de journal) Dans: Proceedings of the international Ocean Discovery Program, 2019, 381, College Station, TX, 2019. @article{McNeil_etal2019_2,
title = {Corinth active rift development},
author = {L. C. McNeil and D. J. Shillington and G. D. O. Carter and J. D. Everest and E. Le Ber and R. E. Ll. Collier and A. Cvetkoska and G. De Gelder and P. Diz and M. L. Doan and M. and Ford},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the international Ocean Discovery Program, 2019, 381, College Station, TX},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Shillington, D. J., McNeil, L. C., Carter, G. D. O., Everest, J. D., Ber, E. Le, Collier, R. E. Ll., Cvetkoska, A., Gelder, G. De, Diz, P., Doan, M. L., M.,, Ford, Corinth active rift development (Article de journal) Dans: Expedition 381 Preliminary Report, 2019. @article{Shillington_etal2019,
title = {Corinth active rift development},
author = {D. J. Shillington and L. C. McNeil and G. D. O. Carter and J. D. Everest and E. Le Ber and R. E. Ll. Collier and A. Cvetkoska and G. De Gelder and P. Diz and M. L. Doan and M. and Ford},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Expedition 381 Preliminary Report},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2018
|
Angrand, P., Ford, M., Watts, A. B. Lateral Variations in Foreland Flexure of a Rifted Continental Margin: The Aquitaine Basin (SW France) (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonics, vol. 37, 2018. @article{Angrand_etal2018,
title = {Lateral Variations in Foreland Flexure of a Rifted Continental Margin: The Aquitaine Basin (SW France)},
author = {P. Angrand and M. Ford and A. B. Watts},
doi = {10.1002/ 2017TC004670},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Tectonics},
volume = {37},
abstract = {Rift inheritance can play a key role in foreland basin geometry and behavior. If the foreland basin initiates soon after rifting, thermal cooling can also contribute significantly to subsidence. We investigate the effects of crustal inheritance (Aptian-Cenomanian rifting) on the evolution of the Campanian to middleMiocene flexural Aquitaine foreland basin, northern Pyrenees, France. Surface and subsurface data define rifted crustal geometry and postrift thermal subsidence. Analysis of Bouguer gravity anomalies coupled with flexural modeling constrains the lateral variations of elastic thickness, plate flexure, and controlling loads. TheAquitaine foreland is divided along-strike into three sectors. The relative role of surface and subsurface (i.e., buried) loading varies along-strike, and the elastic thickness values decrease from the northeast (25 km) to the southwest (7 km) where the plate is the most stretched. The eastern foreland crust was not rifted andunderwent a simple flexural subsidence in response to orogenesis. The central sector was affected by crustal stretching. Here the basin is modeled by combining topographic and buried loads, with postrift thermal subsidence. In the western sector, the foreland basin was created mainly by postrift thermal subsidence. The eastern and central sectors are separated by the Eastern Crustal Lineament, which is one of a series of inherited transverse faults that segment the orogen.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rift inheritance can play a key role in foreland basin geometry and behavior. If the foreland basin initiates soon after rifting, thermal cooling can also contribute significantly to subsidence. We investigate the effects of crustal inheritance (Aptian-Cenomanian rifting) on the evolution of the Campanian to middleMiocene flexural Aquitaine foreland basin, northern Pyrenees, France. Surface and subsurface data define rifted crustal geometry and postrift thermal subsidence. Analysis of Bouguer gravity anomalies coupled with flexural modeling constrains the lateral variations of elastic thickness, plate flexure, and controlling loads. TheAquitaine foreland is divided along-strike into three sectors. The relative role of surface and subsurface (i.e., buried) loading varies along-strike, and the elastic thickness values decrease from the northeast (25 km) to the southwest (7 km) where the plate is the most stretched. The eastern foreland crust was not rifted andunderwent a simple flexural subsidence in response to orogenesis. The central sector was affected by crustal stretching. Here the basin is modeled by combining topographic and buried loads, with postrift thermal subsidence. In the western sector, the foreland basin was created mainly by postrift thermal subsidence. The eastern and central sectors are separated by the Eastern Crustal Lineament, which is one of a series of inherited transverse faults that segment the orogen. |
Godefroy, G., Caumon, G., Ford, M., Laurent, G., Jackson, C. A. L. A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data (Article de journal) Dans: Interpretation, vol. 6, no. 2, p. B1-B13, 2018. @article{Godefroy_etal2018,
title = {A parametric fault displacement model to introduce kinematic control into modeling faults from sparse data},
author = {G. Godefroy and G. Caumon and M. Ford and G. Laurent and C. A. L. Jackson},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Interpretation},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {B1-B13},
abstract = {Fault-related displacements impact oil and gas flow predictions at reservoir scales. We have integrated a quantitative description of fault-related deformation directly embedded into the structural modeling workflow. Consistent fault displacements are produced using numerical fault operators that deform horizons in accordance with theoretical isolated fault displacement models to generate kinematically consistent structural models. We compare structural modeling approaches based on such fault operators with those relying on interpolation. Several synthetic cross sections are generated from a reference high-resolution structural model of the Santos Basin, Brazil. Models are reconstructed from this 2D synthetic sparse data set using both methods. Their ability to produce consistent structural models is assessed by comparing reconstructed and reference models. On this example, kinematic modeling improves the quality of automatically generated models when only few or poor-quality observations are available, thus reducing the time needed for structural validation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Fault-related displacements impact oil and gas flow predictions at reservoir scales. We have integrated a quantitative description of fault-related deformation directly embedded into the structural modeling workflow. Consistent fault displacements are produced using numerical fault operators that deform horizons in accordance with theoretical isolated fault displacement models to generate kinematically consistent structural models. We compare structural modeling approaches based on such fault operators with those relying on interpolation. Several synthetic cross sections are generated from a reference high-resolution structural model of the Santos Basin, Brazil. Models are reconstructed from this 2D synthetic sparse data set using both methods. Their ability to produce consistent structural models is assessed by comparing reconstructed and reference models. On this example, kinematic modeling improves the quality of automatically generated models when only few or poor-quality observations are available, thus reducing the time needed for structural validation. |
Grool, A., Ford, M., Vergés, J., Huismans, R. S., Christophoul, F., DIelforder, A. Insights into the crustal‐scale dynamics of a doubly vergent orogen from a quantitative analysis of its forelands : A case study of the Eastern Pyrenees (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonics, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 450–476, 2018. @article{Grool_etal2018,
title = {Insights into the crustal‐scale dynamics of a doubly vergent orogen from a quantitative analysis of its forelands : A case study of the Eastern Pyrenees},
author = {A. Grool and M. Ford and J. Verg\'{e}s and R. S. Huismans and F. Christophoul and A. DIelforder},
doi = {10.1002/2017TC004731},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Tectonics},
volume = {37},
number = {2},
pages = {450--476},
abstract = {n natural doubly vergent orogens, the relationship between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges is, as yet, poorly constrained. We present a detailed tectonostratigraphic study of the retro‐wedge of the Eastern Pyrenees (Europe) and link its evolution to that of the pro‐wedge (Iberia) in order to derive insight into the crustal‐scale dynamics of doubly vergent orogens. Based on cross‐section restoration and subsidence analyses, we divide the East Pyrenean evolution into four phases. The first phase (Late Cretaceous) is characterized by closure of an exhumed mantle domain between the Iberian and European plates and inversion of a salt‐rich, thermally unequilibrated rift system. Overall shortening ( 1 mm/yr) was distributed roughly equally between both margins over some 20 Myr. A quiescent phase (Paleocene) was apparently restricted to the retro‐wedge with slow, continuous deformation in the pro‐wedge ( 0.4 mm/yr). This phase occurred between closure of the exhumed mantle domain and onset of main collision. The main collision phase (Eocene) records the highest shortening rate ( 3.1 mm/yr), which was predominantly accommodated in the pro‐wedge. During the final phase (Oligocene), the retro‐wedge was apparently inactive, and shortening of the pro‐wedge slowed ( 2.2 mm/yr). Minimum total shortening of the Eastern Pyrenees is 111 km, excluding closure of the exhumed mantle domain. The retro‐wedge accommodated 20 km of shortening. The shortening distribution between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges evolved from roughly equal during rift inversion to pro‐dominant during main collision. This change in shortening distribution may be intrinsic to all inverted rift systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
n natural doubly vergent orogens, the relationship between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges is, as yet, poorly constrained. We present a detailed tectonostratigraphic study of the retro‐wedge of the Eastern Pyrenees (Europe) and link its evolution to that of the pro‐wedge (Iberia) in order to derive insight into the crustal‐scale dynamics of doubly vergent orogens. Based on cross‐section restoration and subsidence analyses, we divide the East Pyrenean evolution into four phases. The first phase (Late Cretaceous) is characterized by closure of an exhumed mantle domain between the Iberian and European plates and inversion of a salt‐rich, thermally unequilibrated rift system. Overall shortening ( 1 mm/yr) was distributed roughly equally between both margins over some 20 Myr. A quiescent phase (Paleocene) was apparently restricted to the retro‐wedge with slow, continuous deformation in the pro‐wedge ( 0.4 mm/yr). This phase occurred between closure of the exhumed mantle domain and onset of main collision. The main collision phase (Eocene) records the highest shortening rate ( 3.1 mm/yr), which was predominantly accommodated in the pro‐wedge. During the final phase (Oligocene), the retro‐wedge was apparently inactive, and shortening of the pro‐wedge slowed ( 2.2 mm/yr). Minimum total shortening of the Eastern Pyrenees is 111 km, excluding closure of the exhumed mantle domain. The retro‐wedge accommodated 20 km of shortening. The shortening distribution between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges evolved from roughly equal during rift inversion to pro‐dominant during main collision. This change in shortening distribution may be intrinsic to all inverted rift systems. |
2017
|
Gawthorpe, R. L., Andrews, J. E., Collier, R. E. L., Ford, M., Henstra, G. A., Kranis, H., Leeder, M. R., Muravchik, M., Skourtsos, E. Building up or out? Disparate sequence architectures along an active rift margin---Corinth rift, Greece (Article de journal) Dans: Geology, vol. 45, no. 12, p. 1111–1114, 2017. @article{Gawthorpe_etal2017,
title = {Building up or out? Disparate sequence architectures along an active rift margin---Corinth rift, Greece},
author = {R. L. Gawthorpe and J. E. Andrews and R. E. L. Collier and M. Ford and G. A. Henstra and H. Kranis and M. R. Leeder and M. Muravchik and E. Skourtsos},
doi = {10.1130/G39660.1},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Geology},
volume = {45},
number = {12},
pages = {1111--1114},
abstract = {Early Pleistocene synrift deltas developed along the southern Corinth rift margin were deposited in a single, dominantly lacustrine depocenter and were subject to the same climate-related base-level and sediment supply cyclicity. Two synrift deltas, just 50 km apart, show markedly different sequence geometry and evolution related to their location along the evolving border fault. In the west, strongly aggradational fan deltas (\>600 m thick; 2--4 km radius) deposited in the immediate hanging wall of the active border fault comprise stacked 30--100 m thick stratal units bounded by flooding surfaces. Each unit evolves from aggradational to progradational with no evidence for abrupt subaerial exposure or fluvial incision. In contrast, in the central rift, the border fault propagated upward into an already deep lacustrine environment, locating rift-margin deltas 15 km into the footwall. The deltas here have a radius of \>9 km and comprise northward downstepping and offlapping units, 50--200 m thick, that unconformably overlie older synrift sediments and are themselves incised. The key factors driving the marked variation in sequence stratigraphic architecture are: (1) differential uplift and subsidence related to position with respect to the border fault system, and (2) inherited topography that influenced shoreline position and offshore bathymetry. Our work illustrates that stratal units and their bounding surfaces may have only local (\<10 km) extent, highlighting the uncertainty involved in assigning chronostratigraphic significance to systems tracts and in calculating base-level changes from stratigraphy where marked spatial variations in uplift and subsidence occur.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Early Pleistocene synrift deltas developed along the southern Corinth rift margin were deposited in a single, dominantly lacustrine depocenter and were subject to the same climate-related base-level and sediment supply cyclicity. Two synrift deltas, just 50 km apart, show markedly different sequence geometry and evolution related to their location along the evolving border fault. In the west, strongly aggradational fan deltas (>600 m thick; 2--4 km radius) deposited in the immediate hanging wall of the active border fault comprise stacked 30--100 m thick stratal units bounded by flooding surfaces. Each unit evolves from aggradational to progradational with no evidence for abrupt subaerial exposure or fluvial incision. In contrast, in the central rift, the border fault propagated upward into an already deep lacustrine environment, locating rift-margin deltas 15 km into the footwall. The deltas here have a radius of >9 km and comprise northward downstepping and offlapping units, 50--200 m thick, that unconformably overlie older synrift sediments and are themselves incised. The key factors driving the marked variation in sequence stratigraphic architecture are: (1) differential uplift and subsidence related to position with respect to the border fault system, and (2) inherited topography that influenced shoreline position and offshore bathymetry. Our work illustrates that stratal units and their bounding surfaces may have only local (<10 km) extent, highlighting the uncertainty involved in assigning chronostratigraphic significance to systems tracts and in calculating base-level changes from stratigraphy where marked spatial variations in uplift and subsidence occur. |
Hemelsda"el, R., Ford, M., Malartre, F., Gawthorpe, R. Interaction of an antecedent fluvial system with early normal fault growth: Implications for syn-rift stratigraphy, western Corinth rift (Greece) (Article de journal) Dans: Sedimentology, vol. 64, no. 7, p. 1957–1997, 2017. @article{Hemelsdal_etal2017,
title = {Interaction of an antecedent fluvial system with early normal fault growth: Implications for syn-rift stratigraphy, western Corinth rift (Greece)},
author = {R. Hemelsda"el and M. Ford and F. Malartre and R. Gawthorpe},
doi = {10.1111/sed.12381},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Sedimentology},
volume = {64},
number = {7},
pages = {1957--1997},
abstract = {Continental textquoteleftoverfilledtextquoteright conditions during rift initiation are conventionally explained as due to low creation of accommodation compared with sediment supply. Alternatively, sediment supply can be relatively high from the onset of rifting due to an antecedent drainage system. The alluvial Lower Group of the western Plio--Pleistocene Corinth rift is used to investigate the interaction of fluvial sedimentation with early rifting. This rift was obliquely superimposed on the Hellenide mountain belt from which it inherited a significant palaeorelief. Detailed sedimentary logging and mapping of the well-exposed syn-rift succession document the facies distributions, palaeocurrents and stratigraphic architecture. Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy are used to date and correlate the alluvial succession across and between fault blocks. From 3textperiodcentered2 to 1textperiodcentered8 Ma, a transverse low sinuosity braided river system flowed north/north-east to east across east--west-striking active fault blocks (4 to 7 km in width). Deposits evolved downstream from coarse alluvial conglomerates to fine-grained lacustrine deposits over 15 to 30 km. The length scale of facies belts is much greater than, and thus not directly controlled by, the width of the fault blocks. At its termination, the distributive river system built small, stacked deltas into a shallow lake margin. The presence of a major antecedent drainage system is supported by: (i) a single major sediment entry point; (ii) persistence of a main channel belt axis; (iii) downstream fining at the scale of the rift basin. The zones of maximum subsidence on individual faults are aligned with the persistent fluvial axis, suggesting that sediment supply influenced normal fault growth. Instead of low accommodation rate during the early rift phase, this study proposes that facies progradation can be controlled by continuous and high sediment supply from antecedent rivers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Continental textquoteleftoverfilledtextquoteright conditions during rift initiation are conventionally explained as due to low creation of accommodation compared with sediment supply. Alternatively, sediment supply can be relatively high from the onset of rifting due to an antecedent drainage system. The alluvial Lower Group of the western Plio--Pleistocene Corinth rift is used to investigate the interaction of fluvial sedimentation with early rifting. This rift was obliquely superimposed on the Hellenide mountain belt from which it inherited a significant palaeorelief. Detailed sedimentary logging and mapping of the well-exposed syn-rift succession document the facies distributions, palaeocurrents and stratigraphic architecture. Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy are used to date and correlate the alluvial succession across and between fault blocks. From 3textperiodcentered2 to 1textperiodcentered8 Ma, a transverse low sinuosity braided river system flowed north/north-east to east across east--west-striking active fault blocks (4 to 7 km in width). Deposits evolved downstream from coarse alluvial conglomerates to fine-grained lacustrine deposits over 15 to 30 km. The length scale of facies belts is much greater than, and thus not directly controlled by, the width of the fault blocks. At its termination, the distributive river system built small, stacked deltas into a shallow lake margin. The presence of a major antecedent drainage system is supported by: (i) a single major sediment entry point; (ii) persistence of a main channel belt axis; (iii) downstream fining at the scale of the rift basin. The zones of maximum subsidence on individual faults are aligned with the persistent fluvial axis, suggesting that sediment supply influenced normal fault growth. Instead of low accommodation rate during the early rift phase, this study proposes that facies progradation can be controlled by continuous and high sediment supply from antecedent rivers. |
2016
|
Ford, M., Hemelsda"el, R., Mancini, M., Palyvos, N. Rift migration and lateral propagation: evolution of normal faults and sediment-routing systems of the western Corinth rift (Greece) (Article de journal) Dans: Geological Society of London Special Publication, vol. 439, 2016. @article{Ford_etal2016,
title = {Rift migration and lateral propagation: evolution of normal faults and sediment-routing systems of the western Corinth rift (Greece)},
author = {M. Ford and R. Hemelsda"el and M. Mancini and N. Palyvos},
doi = {10.1144/SP439.15},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Geological Society of London Special Publication},
volume = {439},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Ford, M., Hemmer, L., Vacherat, A., Gallagher, K., Chrsitophoul, F. Retro-wedge foreland basin evolution along the ECORS line, eastern Pyrenees, France (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of the Geological Society of London, vol. 173, p. 419–437, 2016. @article{Ford_etal2016_2,
title = {Retro-wedge foreland basin evolution along the ECORS line, eastern Pyrenees, France},
author = {M. Ford and L. Hemmer and A. Vacherat and K. Gallagher and F. Chrsitophoul},
doi = {10.1144/jgs2015-129},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of London},
volume = {173},
pages = {419--437},
abstract = {The eastern Aquitaine basin and North Pyrenean Zone show many characteristics of retro-wedge models. However, they differ significantly in that slow subsidence and low deformation continued throughout orogenesis so that growth and steady-state phases cannot be distinguished. We show that the eastern Pyrenees record two clear phases of convergence and probably never attained steady state. Analysis of the Aquitaine retro-foreland basin along the Arie ge ECORS deep seismic line,eastern French Pyrenees, integrates a new litho- and chronostratigraphy, subsidence analysis, low-temperature thermochronology data, new interpretations of seismic lines and a balanced cross-section. Within an overall regression, two shallowing-up cycles (Latest Santonian--Danian, Thanetian--Oligocene) record slow tectonic subsidence of the eastern Aquitaine basin separated by a quiet period. Continuing thick-skinned shortening was low to moderate. The early marine basin,generated by loading of the weak, extended margin, was supplied axially from an unknown eastern edifice while the young Pyrenean orogeny to the south remained submerged. During the quiet period of ultra-slow subsidence, no basin migration andnegligible sediment supply, continental conditions characterized the eastern orogen. The second marine transgression was quickly followed by continental conditions. The basin was supplied by the now emerging Pyrenean orogen and continued to subside until Miocene time.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The eastern Aquitaine basin and North Pyrenean Zone show many characteristics of retro-wedge models. However, they differ significantly in that slow subsidence and low deformation continued throughout orogenesis so that growth and steady-state phases cannot be distinguished. We show that the eastern Pyrenees record two clear phases of convergence and probably never attained steady state. Analysis of the Aquitaine retro-foreland basin along the Arie ge ECORS deep seismic line,eastern French Pyrenees, integrates a new litho- and chronostratigraphy, subsidence analysis, low-temperature thermochronology data, new interpretations of seismic lines and a balanced cross-section. Within an overall regression, two shallowing-up cycles (Latest Santonian--Danian, Thanetian--Oligocene) record slow tectonic subsidence of the eastern Aquitaine basin separated by a quiet period. Continuing thick-skinned shortening was low to moderate. The early marine basin,generated by loading of the weak, extended margin, was supplied axially from an unknown eastern edifice while the young Pyrenean orogeny to the south remained submerged. During the quiet period of ultra-slow subsidence, no basin migration andnegligible sediment supply, continental conditions characterized the eastern orogen. The second marine transgression was quickly followed by continental conditions. The basin was supplied by the now emerging Pyrenean orogen and continued to subside until Miocene time. |
Rougier, G., Ford, M., Chrsitophoul, F., Bader, A. G. Stratigraphic and tectonic studies in the central Aquitaine Basin, northern Pyrenees: Constraints on the subsidence and deformation history of a retro-foreland basin (Article de journal) Dans: Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, vol. 348, no. 3-4, p. 224–235, 2016. @article{Rougier_etal2016,
title = {Stratigraphic and tectonic studies in the central Aquitaine Basin, northern Pyrenees: Constraints on the subsidence and deformation history of a retro-foreland basin},
author = {G. Rougier and M. Ford and F. Chrsitophoul and A. G. Bader},
doi = {10.1016/j.crte.2015.12.005},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. G\'{e}oscience},
volume = {348},
number = {3-4},
pages = {224--235},
abstract = {The central North-Pyrenean retrowedge developed on a thinned lithosphere, rich inKeuper evaporites. The behavior of this retro-foreland system is studied using subsidence analyses and a sequentially restored cross-section (120 km, Saint-Gaudens to Castelsarrasin) constrained by new chrono- and lithostratigraphy, surface and subsurface data. During the Late Cretaceous, a first episode of foreland subsidence (E1) produced a narrow marine depocenter (Comminges Basin, 30 km wide), supplied from the east. A synchronous early deformation involved inversion of basement faults and gentle shortening (4.5 km) of the Mesozoic strata above a Keuper decoupling layer. A tectonically quiet period (Q, Paleocene), characterized by a condensed succession (marine and continental), was followed by a second episode of subsidence (E2), basin migration and gentle thick- and thin-skinned shortening (8 km). Continental sedimentation, supplied by the uplifting orogen, first filled a narrow flexural basin (E2, M-L Eocene), then expanded across the Aquitaine Platform (E3, Oligocene--Miocene).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The central North-Pyrenean retrowedge developed on a thinned lithosphere, rich inKeuper evaporites. The behavior of this retro-foreland system is studied using subsidence analyses and a sequentially restored cross-section (120 km, Saint-Gaudens to Castelsarrasin) constrained by new chrono- and lithostratigraphy, surface and subsurface data. During the Late Cretaceous, a first episode of foreland subsidence (E1) produced a narrow marine depocenter (Comminges Basin, 30 km wide), supplied from the east. A synchronous early deformation involved inversion of basement faults and gentle shortening (4.5 km) of the Mesozoic strata above a Keuper decoupling layer. A tectonically quiet period (Q, Paleocene), characterized by a condensed succession (marine and continental), was followed by a second episode of subsidence (E2), basin migration and gentle thick- and thin-skinned shortening (8 km). Continental sedimentation, supplied by the uplifting orogen, first filled a narrow flexural basin (E2, M-L Eocene), then expanded across the Aquitaine Platform (E3, Oligocene--Miocene). |
Nixon, C. A., McNeill, L., Bull, J. M., Bell, R. E., Gawthorpe, R. L., Henstock, T. J., Christodoulou, D., M.,, Ford, Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonics, vol. 35, no. 5, p. 1225–1248, 2016. @article{Nixon_etal2016,
title = {Rapid spatiotemporal variations in rift structure during development of the Corinth Rift, central Greece},
author = {C. A. Nixon and L. McNeill and J. M. Bull and R. E. Bell and R. L. Gawthorpe and T. J. Henstock and D. Christodoulou and M. and Ford},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Tectonics},
volume = {35},
number = {5},
pages = {1225--1248},
abstract = {The Corinth Rift, central Greece, enables analysis of early rift development as it is young (\<5thinspaceMa) and highly active and its full history is recorded at high resolution by sedimentary systems. A complete compilation of marine geophysical data, complemented by onshore data, is used to develop a high‐resolution chronostratigraphy and detailed fault history for the offshore Corinth Rift, integrating interpretations and reconciling previous discrepancies. Rift migration and localization of deformation have been significant within the rift since inception. Over the last circa 2thinspaceMyr the rift transitioned from a spatially complex rift to a uniform asymmetric rift, but this transition did not occur synchronously along strike. Isochore maps at circa 100thinspacekyr intervals illustrate a change in fault polarity within the short interval circa 620--340thinspaceka, characterized by progressive transfer of activity from major south dipping faults to north dipping faults and southward migration of discrete depocenters at textasciitilde30thinspacem/kyr. Since circa 340thinspaceka there has been localization and linkage of the dominant north dipping border fault system along the southern rift margin, demonstrated by lateral growth of discrete depocenters at textasciitilde40thinspacem/kyr. A single central depocenter formed by circa 130thinspaceka, indicating full fault linkage. These results indicate that rift localization is progressive (not instantaneous) and can be synchronous once a rift border fault system is established. This study illustrates that development processes within young rifts occur at 100thinspacekyr timescales, including rapid changes in rift symmetry and growth and linkage of major rift faults.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Corinth Rift, central Greece, enables analysis of early rift development as it is young (<5thinspaceMa) and highly active and its full history is recorded at high resolution by sedimentary systems. A complete compilation of marine geophysical data, complemented by onshore data, is used to develop a high‐resolution chronostratigraphy and detailed fault history for the offshore Corinth Rift, integrating interpretations and reconciling previous discrepancies. Rift migration and localization of deformation have been significant within the rift since inception. Over the last circa 2thinspaceMyr the rift transitioned from a spatially complex rift to a uniform asymmetric rift, but this transition did not occur synchronously along strike. Isochore maps at circa 100thinspacekyr intervals illustrate a change in fault polarity within the short interval circa 620--340thinspaceka, characterized by progressive transfer of activity from major south dipping faults to north dipping faults and southward migration of discrete depocenters at textasciitilde30thinspacem/kyr. Since circa 340thinspaceka there has been localization and linkage of the dominant north dipping border fault system along the southern rift margin, demonstrated by lateral growth of discrete depocenters at textasciitilde40thinspacem/kyr. A single central depocenter formed by circa 130thinspaceka, indicating full fault linkage. These results indicate that rift localization is progressive (not instantaneous) and can be synchronous once a rift border fault system is established. This study illustrates that development processes within young rifts occur at 100thinspacekyr timescales, including rapid changes in rift symmetry and growth and linkage of major rift faults. |
2014
|
Hemelsda"el, R., Ford, M. Relay zone evolution: a history of repeated fault propagation and linkage, central Corinth rift, Greece (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, p. 1–23, 2014. @article{Hemelsdal+Ford2014,
title = {Relay zone evolution: a history of repeated fault propagation and linkage, central Corinth rift, Greece},
author = {R. Hemelsda"el and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1111/bre.12101},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
pages = {1--23},
abstract = {Established models indicate that, before being breached, relay zones along rift borders can evolve either by lengthening and rotating during progressive overlap of growing fault segments (isolated fault model), or, by simply rotating without lengthening before breaching (coherent fault model). The spatio-temporal distribution of vertical motions in a relay zone can thus be used to distinguishfault growth mechanisms. Depositional relay zones that develop at sea level and accommodate both deposition on the ramp itself as well as transfer of sediments from the uplifting footwall into the hangingwall depocentres and provide the most complete record of vertical motions. We examine the development of a depositional relay ramp on the border of the active Corinth rift, Greece to reconstructfault interaction in time and space using both onshore and offshore (2D seismic lines) data. The Akrata relay zone developed over a period of ca. 0.5 Myr since the Middle Pleistocene between the newly forming East Helike Fault (EHF) that propagated towards the older, more established Derveni Fault (DF). The relay zone captured the Krathis River, which deposited prograding Gilbert type deltas on the sub-horizontal ramp. Successive oblique faults record progressive linkage and basinward migration of accommodation along the ramp axis, whereas marine terraces record diachronous uplift in their footwalls. Although early linkage of the relay zone occurs, continuous propagation and linkage of the EHF onto the static DF is recorded before final beaching. Rotation on forced folds above the upward and laterally propagating normal faults at the borders of the relay zone represents the ramp hinges. The Akrata relay zone cannot be compared directly to a simple fault growth model because (1) the relay zone connects two fault segments of different generations; (2) multiple linkages during propagation was facilitated by the presence of pre-existing crustal structures, inherited from the Hellenide fold and thrust belt. The linkage of the EHF to the DF contributed to the westward and northward propagation of the southern rift border.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Established models indicate that, before being breached, relay zones along rift borders can evolve either by lengthening and rotating during progressive overlap of growing fault segments (isolated fault model), or, by simply rotating without lengthening before breaching (coherent fault model). The spatio-temporal distribution of vertical motions in a relay zone can thus be used to distinguishfault growth mechanisms. Depositional relay zones that develop at sea level and accommodate both deposition on the ramp itself as well as transfer of sediments from the uplifting footwall into the hangingwall depocentres and provide the most complete record of vertical motions. We examine the development of a depositional relay ramp on the border of the active Corinth rift, Greece to reconstructfault interaction in time and space using both onshore and offshore (2D seismic lines) data. The Akrata relay zone developed over a period of ca. 0.5 Myr since the Middle Pleistocene between the newly forming East Helike Fault (EHF) that propagated towards the older, more established Derveni Fault (DF). The relay zone captured the Krathis River, which deposited prograding Gilbert type deltas on the sub-horizontal ramp. Successive oblique faults record progressive linkage and basinward migration of accommodation along the ramp axis, whereas marine terraces record diachronous uplift in their footwalls. Although early linkage of the relay zone occurs, continuous propagation and linkage of the EHF onto the static DF is recorded before final beaching. Rotation on forced folds above the upward and laterally propagating normal faults at the borders of the relay zone represents the ramp hinges. The Akrata relay zone cannot be compared directly to a simple fault growth model because (1) the relay zone connects two fault segments of different generations; (2) multiple linkages during propagation was facilitated by the presence of pre-existing crustal structures, inherited from the Hellenide fold and thrust belt. The linkage of the EHF to the DF contributed to the westward and northward propagation of the southern rift border. |
Salles, L., Ford, M., Joseph, P. Characteristics of axially-sourced turbidite sedimentation on an active wedge-top basin (Annot Sandstone, SE France) (Article de journal) Dans: Marine and petroleum Geology, 2014. @article{Salles_etal2014,
title = {Characteristics of axially-sourced turbidite sedimentation on an active wedge-top basin (Annot Sandstone, SE France)},
author = {L. Salles and M. Ford and P. Joseph},
doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.01.020},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Marine and petroleum Geology},
abstract = {In order to develop viable depositional models for wedgetop basins, the control exerted by active structural relief on turbidite depositional patterns should be well understood at different scales (from limb slope to interconnected synclinal troughs). This is particularly the case for systems with axial sediment supply, for which little data are available. This paper presents a detailed field study of two depocentres in the Upper Eocene e Lower Oligocene Annot Sandstone of the alpine foreland basin of SE France, which was fed axially from the Corsica-Sardinia Massif to the south. The depocentres are partially preserved in a series of outliers. The Annot outlier preserves turbidites deposited on the gentlydipping limb of an asymmetrical syn-depositional syncline, while, to the north, the NE Grand Coyer outlier preserves highly confined turbidites deposited on a steep and complex synclinal limb. Structural, stratigraphic and sedimentological data demonstrate that these turbidite depocentres were controlled by active folding and faulting, including oblique structures. Structural controls were more complex on the steep eastern synclinal limbs than on shallowly dipping western limbs. Integration of palaeocurrent data allow feeder pathways and their evolving interconnections to be traced between successive downstream depocentres in space and time. A 3D depositional model for axially supplied active wedgetop depocentresis proposed and compared to transversely fed wedgetop systems, particularly in terms of facies distributions and variations in reservoir quality. Axially supplied systems are marked by a higher lateral confinement and, as a consequence, are more sensitive to relief created by oblique structures. As a result facies distributions are more strongly controlled by (active or inactive) substratum relief than by intrinsic flow properties, leading to a higher potential for stratigraphic traps.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In order to develop viable depositional models for wedgetop basins, the control exerted by active structural relief on turbidite depositional patterns should be well understood at different scales (from limb slope to interconnected synclinal troughs). This is particularly the case for systems with axial sediment supply, for which little data are available. This paper presents a detailed field study of two depocentres in the Upper Eocene e Lower Oligocene Annot Sandstone of the alpine foreland basin of SE France, which was fed axially from the Corsica-Sardinia Massif to the south. The depocentres are partially preserved in a series of outliers. The Annot outlier preserves turbidites deposited on the gentlydipping limb of an asymmetrical syn-depositional syncline, while, to the north, the NE Grand Coyer outlier preserves highly confined turbidites deposited on a steep and complex synclinal limb. Structural, stratigraphic and sedimentological data demonstrate that these turbidite depocentres were controlled by active folding and faulting, including oblique structures. Structural controls were more complex on the steep eastern synclinal limbs than on shallowly dipping western limbs. Integration of palaeocurrent data allow feeder pathways and their evolving interconnections to be traced between successive downstream depocentres in space and time. A 3D depositional model for axially supplied active wedgetop depocentresis proposed and compared to transversely fed wedgetop systems, particularly in terms of facies distributions and variations in reservoir quality. Axially supplied systems are marked by a higher lateral confinement and, as a consequence, are more sensitive to relief created by oblique structures. As a result facies distributions are more strongly controlled by (active or inactive) substratum relief than by intrinsic flow properties, leading to a higher potential for stratigraphic traps. |
2012
|
Ford, M., Rohais, S., Williams, E. A., Bourlange, S., Jousselin, D., Backert, N., Malartre, F. Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the western Corinth rift (Central Greece) (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, p. 1–23, 2012. @article{Ford_etal2012,
title = {Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the western Corinth rift (Central Greece)},
author = {M. Ford and S. Rohais and E. A. Williams and S. Bourlange and D. Jousselin and N. Backert and F. Malartre},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2117.2012.00550.x},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
pages = {1--23},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2011
|
Durand-Riard, P., Salles, L., Ford, M., Caumon, G., Pellerin, J. Understanding the evolution of syn-depositional folds: Coupling decompaction and 3D sequential restoration (Article de journal) Dans: Marine Geophysical Researches and Petroleum Geology, vol. 28, no. 8, p. 1530–1539, 2011. @article{Durand-Riard_etal2011,
title = {Understanding the evolution of syn-depositional folds: Coupling decompaction and 3D sequential restoration},
author = {P. Durand-Riard and L. Salles and M. Ford and G. Caumon and J. Pellerin},
doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2011.04.001},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Marine Geophysical Researches and Petroleum Geology},
volume = {28},
number = {8},
pages = {1530--1539},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Salles, L., Ford, M., Joseph, P., de Veslud, C. Le Carlier, Solleuz, A. Le Migration of a synclinal depocentre from turbidite growth strata: the Annot syncline, SE France (Article de journal) Dans: Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, vol. 182, no. 3, p. 199–220, 2011. @article{Salles_etal2011,
title = {Migration of a synclinal depocentre from turbidite growth strata: the Annot syncline, SE France},
author = {L. Salles and M. Ford and P. Joseph and C. Le Carlier de Veslud and A. Le Solleuz},
doi = {10.2113/gssgfbull.182.3.199},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Bulletin de la Soci\'{e}t\'{e} G\'{e}ologique de France},
volume = {182},
number = {3},
pages = {199--220},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2009
|
Backert, N., Ford, M., Malartre, F. Architecture and sedimentology of the Kerinitis Gilbert-type fan delta. Corinth Rift, Greece (Article de journal) Dans: Sedimentology, vol. 57, no. 2, p. 543–586, 2009. @article{Backert_etal2009,
title = {Architecture and sedimentology of the Kerinitis Gilbert-type fan delta. Corinth Rift, Greece},
author = {N. Backert and M. Ford and F. Malartre},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-3091.2009.01105.x},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-01-01},
journal = {Sedimentology},
volume = {57},
number = {2},
pages = {543--586},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2007
|
Bourgeois, O., Ford, M., Diraison, M., de Veslud, C. Le Carlier, Gerbault, M., Pik, R., Ruby, N., Bonnet, S. Separation of rifting and lithospheric folding signatures in the NW-Alpine foreland (Article de journal) Dans: International Journal of Earth Sciences, vol. 96, p. 1003–1031, 2007. @article{Bourgeois_etal2007,
title = {Separation of rifting and lithospheric folding signatures in the NW-Alpine foreland},
author = {O. Bourgeois and M. Ford and M. Diraison and C. Le Carlier de Veslud and M. Gerbault and R. Pik and N. Ruby and S. Bonnet},
doi = {10.1007/s00531-007-0202-2},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},
volume = {96},
pages = {1003--1031},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Ford, M., de Veslud, C. Le Carlier, Bourgeois, O. Kinematic and geometric analysis of fault-related folds in a rift setting: The Dannemarie basin, Upper Rhine Graben, France (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of Structural Geology, vol. 29, no. 11, p. 1811–1830, 2007. @article{Ford_etal2007,
title = {Kinematic and geometric analysis of fault-related folds in a rift setting: The Dannemarie basin, Upper Rhine Graben, France},
author = {M. Ford and C. Le Carlier de Veslud and O. Bourgeois},
doi = {10.1016/j.jsg.2007.08.001},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Structural Geology},
volume = {29},
number = {11},
pages = {1811--1830},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Rohais, S., Eschard, R., Ford, M., Guillocheau, F., Moretti, I. Stratigraphic architecture of the Plio-Pleistocene infill of the Corinth Rift: Implications for its structural evolution (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonophysics, vol. 440, no. 1-4, p. 5–28, 2007. @article{Rohais_etal2007,
title = {Stratigraphic architecture of the Plio-Pleistocene infill of the Corinth Rift: Implications for its structural evolution},
author = {S. Rohais and R. Eschard and M. Ford and F. Guillocheau and I. Moretti},
doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2006.11.006},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Tectonophysics},
volume = {440},
number = {1-4},
pages = {5--28},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2006
|
Ford, M., Duch^ene, S., Gasquet, D., Vanderhaeghe, O. Two-phase orogenic convergence in the external and internal SW Alps (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of the Geological Society, London, vol. 163, p. 815–826, 2006. @article{Ford_etal2006,
title = {Two-phase orogenic convergence in the external and internal SW Alps},
author = {M. Ford and S. Duch^ene and D. Gasquet and O. Vanderhaeghe},
doi = {10.1144/0016-76492005-034},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the Geological Society, London},
volume = {163},
pages = {815--826},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2005
|
de Veslud, C. Le Carlier, Bourgeois, O., Diraison, M., Ford, M. 3D stratigraphic and structural synthesis of the Dannemarie basin (Upper Rhine Graben) (Article de journal) Dans: Bulletin de la Société géologique de France, vol. 176, no. 5, p. 433–442, 2005. @article{LeCarlierdeVeslud_etal2005,
title = {3D stratigraphic and structural synthesis of the Dannemarie basin (Upper Rhine Graben)},
author = {C. Le Carlier de Veslud and O. Bourgeois and M. Diraison and M. Ford},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-01-01},
journal = {Bulletin de la Soci\'{e}t\'{e} g\'{e}ologique de France},
volume = {176},
number = {5},
pages = {433--442},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2004
|
Ford, M. Depositional wedge tops: interaction between low basal friction external orogenic wedges and flexural foreland basins (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, vol. 16, p. 361–375, 2004. @article{Ford2004,
title = {Depositional wedge tops: interaction between low basal friction external orogenic wedges and flexural foreland basins},
author = {M. Ford},
doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2117.2004.00236.x},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
volume = {16},
pages = {361--375},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Ford, M. The significance of growth structures in foreland basin development (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, vol. 16, p. 361–375, 2004. @article{Ford2004_2,
title = {The significance of growth structures in foreland basin development},
author = {M. Ford},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
volume = {16},
pages = {361--375},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Malartre, F., Ford, M., Williams, E. A. Preliminary biostratigraphy and 3D geometry of the Vouraikos Gilbert-type fan delta, Gulf of Corinth (Greece) (Article de journal) Dans: Comptes Rendus. Géoscience, vol. 336, no. 4-5, p. 269–280, 2004. @article{Malartre_etal2004,
title = {Preliminary biostratigraphy and 3D geometry of the Vouraikos Gilbert-type fan delta, Gulf of Corinth (Greece)},
author = {F. Malartre and M. Ford and E. A. Williams},
doi = {10.1016/j.crte.2003.11.016},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Comptes Rendus. G\'{e}oscience},
volume = {336},
number = {4-5},
pages = {269--280},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2002
|
Lickorish, W. H., Ford, M., Bürgisser, J., Cobbold, P. R. Arcuate thrust systems in sandbox experiments: a comparison to the external arcs of the Western Alps (Article de journal) Dans: Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol. 114, no. 9, p. 1189-1107, 2002. @article{Lickorish_etal2002,
title = {Arcuate thrust systems in sandbox experiments: a comparison to the external arcs of the Western Alps},
author = {W. H. Lickorish and M. Ford and J. B\"{u}rgisser and P. R. Cobbold},
year = {2002},
date = {2002-01-01},
journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin},
volume = {114},
number = {9},
pages = {1189-1107},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
2000
|
Diraison, M., Nivi`ere, B., de Veslud, C. Le Carlier, Winter, T., Ford, M. Cenozoic-Pleistocene alpine signatures in the southern Upper Rhine Graben. In: (un)Coupled.Continental collision and the tectono-sedimentary evolution of forelands: mechanics of coupling and far-field deformation 45 (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of the Czech Geological Society, p. 221–222, 2000. @article{Diraison_etal2000,
title = {Cenozoic-Pleistocene alpine signatures in the southern Upper Rhine Graben. In: (un)Coupled.Continental collision and the tectono-sedimentary evolution of forelands: mechanics of coupling and far-field deformation 45},
author = {M. Diraison and B. Nivi`ere and C. Le Carlier de Veslud and T. Winter and M. Ford},
year = {2000},
date = {2000-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the Czech Geological Society},
pages = {221--222},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
1999
|
Ford, M., Lickorish, W. H., Kusznir, N. J. Tertiary foreland basin evolution in the southern Subalpine chains SE France basin (Article de journal) Dans: Basin Research, 1999. @article{Ford_etal1999,
title = {Tertiary foreland basin evolution in the southern Subalpine chains SE France basin},
author = {M. Ford and W. H. Lickorish and N. J. Kusznir},
year = {1999},
date = {1999-01-01},
journal = {Basin Research},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Seward, D., Ford, M., Williams, E. A., Meckel, L. D., Bürgisser, J. Preliminary report on fission track studies in the Pelvoux area, SE France (Article de journal) Dans: Memorie di Scienze Geologiche (Université de Padoue), vol. 51, no. 1, p. 25–31, 1999. @article{Seward_etal1999,
title = {Preliminary report on fission track studies in the Pelvoux area, SE France},
author = {D. Seward and M. Ford and E. A. Williams and L. D. Meckel and J. B\"{u}rgisser},
year = {1999},
date = {1999-01-01},
journal = {Memorie di Scienze Geologiche (Universit\'{e} de Padoue)},
volume = {51},
number = {1},
pages = {25--31},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
1998
|
Bürgisser, J., Ford, M. Overthrust shear deformation of a foreland basin : structural studies south-east of the Pelvoux massif, SE France (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of Structural Geology, vol. 20, no. 11, p. 1455–1475, 1998. @article{Brgisser+Ford1998,
title = {Overthrust shear deformation of a foreland basin : structural studies south-east of the Pelvoux massif, SE France},
author = {J. B\"{u}rgisser and M. Ford},
doi = {10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00045-5},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Structural Geology},
volume = {20},
number = {11},
pages = {1455--1475},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Lickorish, W. H., Ford, M. Sequential restoration of the Southern Subalpine Chain, SE France : implications for late Alpine tectonics (Article de journal) Dans: Geological Society of London Special Publication, vol. 134, p. 189–211, 1998. @article{Lickorish+Ford1998,
title = {Sequential restoration of the Southern Subalpine Chain, SE France : implications for late Alpine tectonics},
author = {W. H. Lickorish and M. Ford},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-01-01},
journal = {Geological Society of London Special Publication},
volume = {134},
pages = {189--211},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Williams, E. A., Artoni, A., Ford, M., Vergés, J. Alluvial gravel sedimentation in a contractional growth fold setting, Sant Llorenç de Morunys, South-eastern Pyrenees (Article de journal) Dans: Geological Society of London Special Publication, vol. 134, p. 69–106, 1998. @article{Williams_etal1998,
title = {Alluvial gravel sedimentation in a contractional growth fold setting, Sant Lloren\c{c} de Morunys, South-eastern Pyrenees},
author = {E. A. Williams and A. Artoni and M. Ford and J. Verg\'{e}s},
year = {1998},
date = {1998-01-01},
journal = {Geological Society of London Special Publication},
volume = {134},
pages = {69--106},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
1997
|
Ford, M., Williams, E. A., Artoni, A., Vergés, J., Hardy, S. Progressive evolution of a fault propagation fold pair as recorded by growth strata geometries (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of Structural Geology, vol. 19, no. 3-4, p. 413–441, 1997. @article{Ford_etal1997,
title = {Progressive evolution of a fault propagation fold pair as recorded by growth strata geometries},
author = {M. Ford and E. A. Williams and A. Artoni and J. Verg\'{e}s and S. Hardy},
doi = {10.1016/S0191-8141(96)00116-2},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Structural Geology},
volume = {19},
number = {3-4},
pages = {413--441},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Hardy, S., Ford, M. Thishear above a propagating thrust : implications for fault propagation folding (Article de journal) Dans: Tectonics, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 841–854, 1997. @article{Hardy+Ford1997,
title = {Thishear above a propagating thrust : implications for fault propagation folding},
author = {S. Hardy and M. Ford},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-01-01},
journal = {Tectonics},
volume = {16},
number = {5},
pages = {841--854},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
Williams, E. A., Ford, M., Stössel, I., Sergeev, S. A. An Eifelian U-Pb zircon date for the Enagh Tuff Bed from the Old Sandstone of the Munster Basin in NW Iveragh, SW Ireland (Article de journal) Dans: Journal of the Geological Society of London, vol. 154, p. 189–193, 1997. @article{Williams_etal1997,
title = {An Eifelian U-Pb zircon date for the Enagh Tuff Bed from the Old Sandstone of the Munster Basin in NW Iveragh, SW Ireland},
author = {E. A. Williams and M. Ford and I. St\"{o}ssel and S. A. Sergeev},
doi = {10.1144/gsjgs.154.2.0189},
year = {1997},
date = {1997-01-01},
journal = {Journal of the Geological Society of London},
volume = {154},
pages = {189--193},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
|
