Etienne Deloule

@article{Mamadou_etal2022,

title = {The Tim Merso"i Basin uranium deposits (Northern Niger): Geochronology and genetic model},

author = {M. M. Mamadou and M. Cathelineau and E. Deloule and L. Reisberg},

doi = {10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104905},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Ore Geology Reviews},

volume = {145},

pages = {104905},

abstract = {The Tim Merso"i uranium province in northern Niger is one of the world’s largest uranium reserves and fourthhighest uranium producer. The main uranium deposits (Arlit, Akouta, and Imouraren) are located in continental siliciclastic formations. The regional north--south-trending fault (the Arlit Fault) strongly controls them, as well as secondary discontinuity networks oriented NNE-SSW, ENE-WSW, and WNW-ESE. The Arlit and Akouta uranium-ores are hosted in reduced Carboniferous formations and occur as reduced U4+ phase mineralizations.Besides, the Imouraren deposit is hosted by an oxidized Jurassic formation with a predominance of U6+ silicate and vanadate minerals and relics of reduced mineralization. New U-Pb SIMS data have been obtained on the three deposits, and the results reveal two main stages of uranium deposition and ore metallogenesis. (i) the 90--145 Ma Lower Cretaceous mineralization is related to a significant tectonothermal event, synchronous with the Atlantic rifting that induced the deformation and brine migration from Triassic formations. Primary uraninite and chalcocite are formed by fluid mixing in a reduced environment at that stage at a depth of 1 km at less at a temperature 115--150 ◦C, hotter than that of the reservoir. (ii) During later Cenozoic exhumation of the basin, a series of remobilizations of primary uranium stock resulted in the formation of much younger uraninites under reduced conditions at Arlit-Akouta around 50 Ma. At Imouraren, younger uraninites formed between 34 and 8 Ma under locally reduced conditions, and were followed by secondary U-minerals from 21 Ma up to 3--1.6 Ma during supergene events. These ages are close or superimposed with the main oxidation stages, affecting West Africa during the Cenozoic, and attest of water table oscillations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Dallai_etal2022,

title = {Quartz-bearing rhyolitic melts in the Earth’s mantle},

author = {L. Dallai and G. Bianchini and R. Avanzinelli and E. Deloule and C. Natali and M. Gaeta and A. Cavallo and S. Conticelli},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-35382-3},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

abstract = {The occurrence of rhyolite melts in the mantle has been predicted by high pressure-high temperature experiments but never observed in nature. Here we report natural quartz-bearing rhyolitic melt inclusions and interstitial glass within peridotite xenoliths. The oxygen isotope composition of quartz crystals shows the unequivocal continental crustal derivation of these melts, which approximate the minimum composition in the quartz-albite-orthoclase system. Thermodynamic modelling suggests rhyolite was originated from partial melting of near-anhydrous garnet-bearing metapelites at temperatures textasciitilde1000thinspacetextdegreeC and interacted with peridotite at pressure textasciitilde1thinspaceGPa. Reaction of rhyolite with olivine converted lherzolite rocks into orthopyroxene-domains and orthopyroxene + plagioclase veins. The recognition of rhyolitic melts in the mantle provides direct evidence for element cycling through earth’s reservoirs, accommodated by dehydration and melting of crustal material, brought into the mantle by subduction, chemically modifying the mantle source, and ultimately returning to surface by arc magmatism.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jegal_etal2022,

title = {Characterisation of reference materials for In situ Rb-Sr dating by LA-ICP-MS/MS},

author = {Y. Jegal and C. Zimmermann and L. Reisberg and D. Yeghicheyan and C. Cloquet and C. Peiffert and M. Gerardin and E. Deloule and J. Mercadier},

doi = {10.1111/ggr.12456},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research},

volume = {46},

number = {4},

pages = {645--671},

abstract = {We present Rb and Sr mass fraction and 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio measurement results for four reference materials (RMs) obtained from the Service d’Analyse des Roches et des Min\'{e}raux (SARM), Nancy, France: Mica-Mg, Mica-Fe, GL-O and FK-N. These four RMs have different chemical compositions spanning the range of those of most K-bearing feldspars and micas, making them potential calibration materials for in situ Rb-Sr dating of natural minerals by LA-ICP-MS/MS. Selected grains and flakes from the four RMs present variable degrees of heterogeneity observable by SEM-EDS and EPMA imaging, and chemical mapping. This heterogeneity is mainly related to inclusions of minerals within flakes and grains and to chemical substitutions linked to crystallographic control and alteration processes. The Mica-Mg RM is the least affected. The powders available at the SARM were analysed by ID-TIMS (87Sr/86Sr and Sr) and ID-MC-ICP-MS (Rb) after digestion and separation. The mean 87Rb/86Sr ratios are 155.6thinspacetextpmthinspace4.7% (2s, as for other RMs) for Mica-Mg, 1815thinspacetextpmthinspace14% for Mica-Fe, 36.2thinspacetextpmthinspace11% for GL-O and 69.9thinspacetextpmthinspace5.9% for FK-N. The mean 87Sr/86Sr ratios are 1.8622thinspacetextpmthinspace0.36% (2s, as for other RMs) for Mica-Mg, 7.99thinspacetextpmthinspace13% for Mica-Fe, 0.75305thinspacetextpmthinspace0.12% for GL-O, and 1.2114thinspacetextpmthinspace0.17% for FK-N. The four RMs each show dispersion in 87Sr/86Sr and Rb and Sr mass fractions, to degrees that differ between RMs and that reflect the heterogeneity of their original crystals. The most heterogeneous RMs are GL-O and Mica-Fe. The calculated mean Rb-Sr isotopic ages are 521thinspacetextpmthinspace24 Ma for Mica-Mg, 287thinspacetextpmthinspace55 Ma for Mica-Fe, 89.2thinspacetextpmthinspace9.9 Ma for GL-O and 512thinspacetextpmthinspace30 Ma for FK-N. The proposed age for Mica-Fe may be unreliable due to the elevated dispersion of individual analysis linked to the highly radiogenic composition of the biotite and to the presence of numerous mineral inclusions. We recommend use of these proposed working values of 87Sr/86Sr and 87Rb/86Sr ratios and associated uncertainties when using the four RMs for in situ Rb-Sr dating by LA-ICP-MS/MS. The availability of these four well-characterised RMs will allow progress in the development and application of the Rb-Sr dating approach by LA-ICP-MS/MS.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ferrando_etal2022,

title = {Brown amphibole as tracer of tectono-magmatic evolution of the Atlantis Bank Oceanic Core Complex (IODP Hole U1473A)},

author = {C. Ferrando and R. Tribuzio and C. J. Lissenberg and L. France and C. J. MacLeod and V. Basch and J. Villeneuve and E. Deloule and A. Sanfilippo},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egac089},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {63},

pages = {1--27},

abstract = {Brown amphibole is a minor but common mineral component in lower oceanic crust. It is generally interpreted as products of migrating SiO2 and H2O-rich fluids or melts, which can be either residual melts from advanced magmatic differentiation of Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB), or hydrothermal fluids including a seawater component. Within the lower oceanic crust exhumed at the Atlantis Bank Oceanic Core Complex, along the ultraslow Southwest Indian Ridge, brown amphibole is ubiquitous in all lithologies from olivine- to oxide-gabbros and diorites, including both undeformed and plastically deformed varieties. We here show the results of a systematic petrological study conceived to unravel the nature of the H2O-rich component recorded in brown amphiboles and document: (i) the evolution of migrating melts during the magmatic stage and (ii) different extents of melt-bearing deformation events recorded throughout the entire crustal transect. The low Cl contents and the light over heavy rare earth elements (LREE/HREE) ratios and high Ti contents in brown amphiboles indicate they crystallized from melts with a magmatic hydrous component. Consistently, their $delta$18O values are in equilibrium with Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (MORB) composition, except for diorite amphiboles that possibly record the local assimilation of altered minerals. In undeformed olivine gabbros, interstitial pargasite crystallized at hypersolidus conditions (textasciitilde1000textdegreeC) from the melt residual after late stages of MORB differentiation. We speculate that before the olivine gabbro crystal mush reached fully solid state, some aliquots of residual melts were extracted and accumulated within discrete intervals. There, ferrobasaltic melts differentiated through the early crystallization of Fe-Ti oxides and clinopyroxene as liquidus phases, ultimately forming the oxide gabbros. This process promoted rapid Si enrichment and depletion in Fe, Ti, V in the residual melt, later extracted to form the crosscutting diorite veins. The mylonitic olivine gabbros record high-temperature plastic deformation (textasciitilde900textdegreeCthinspacetextpmthinspace50textdegreeC) under hypersolidus conditions, involving melts residual from previous crystallization of the gabbroic rock. Further solid-state plastic deformation led to substantial grain size reduction and, consequently, to an increase in porosity. This created pathways for subsequent melt focusing, which likely represent late-stage differentiated melts migrating throughout the lower crustal section. This study shows that brown amphibole in the Atlantis Bank lower oceanic crust is the crystallization product of melts residual from advanced magmatic differentiation, which are also locally involved in the plastic deformation events during crustal accretion.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Podda_etal2022,

title = {Solubility of uranium oxide in ternary aluminosilicate glass melts},

author = {O. Podda and L. Tissandier and A. Laplace and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2022.121845},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids},

volume = {595},

pages = {121845},

abstract = {Uranium solubility was measured in melts belonging to the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CAS) and MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (MAS) systems using the Pt wire loop technique, enabling independent control of the temperature (1400 \^{a}—¦C), glass composition, and oxygen fugacity (-16.1\<log(fO2)\<-0.7). The low sample masses allowed the equilibrium state to be reached quickly and rapid quenching of the glasses was performed in order to immobilize each system as close as possible to the molten state. The compositions of the different quenched glasses were analyzed by EDS. Uranium solubility decreased with decreasing oxygen fugacity, highlighting the lower solubility of uranium at reduced oxidation states. For each system, uranium solubility was constant from log(fO2)\<-9.7. Moreover, different uranium behavior was evidenced between the two ternary systems. Modification of the Al content affected only uranium solubility in the CAS compositions, while uranium volatilization for oxidizing conditions was noted in the MAS system. This difference in behavior may be attributed to structural changes and probably to the variable proportions of [5]Al in each glass system.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xu_etal2022,

title = {Linking the Jehol Biota evolution to the Early Cretaceous volcanism during the North China craton destruction: Insights from F, Cl, S, and P},

author = {Q. H. Xu and L. Wang and J. Liu and E. Deloule and E. Hanski and X. Y. Gu and H. Chen and Q. K. Xia},

doi = {10.1029/2022JB024388},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research ?\"{A}¬ Solid Earth},

volume = {127},

pages = {e2022JB024388},

abstract = {The Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota evolution has remarkable spatiotemporal correlation with the destruction of the North China craton though the coupling mechanism remains enigmatic. The craton destruction was accompanied by intense magmatic activity and the released volatiles and nutrients might have had climatic and environmental impacts on the biotic evolution. In this study, we investigated the mentioned hypothetical causal link by determining concentrations and total emissions of volatile elements (S, F, Cl) and bulk-rock P contents of volcanic rocks that were erupted during the pre-flourishing, flourishing and post-flourishing stages of the Jehol Biota. Our results show that the volcanism near the flourishing stage has lower S (1,083--2,370 ppm), Cl (1,277--5,608 ppm) and higher P2O5 contents (0.48--0.84 wt.%) than that in the non-flourishing stages with S of 1,991--3,288 ppm, Cl of 7,915--12,315 ppm and P2O5 of 0.17--0.23 wt.%.Fluorine contents in the three stages vary from 893 to 3,746 ppm. The total volatile emissions are minor in the flourishing stage (1--14 Gt S, 0.6--10 Gt Cl, 0.6--9 Gt F) but elevated in the non-flourishing stages (2--766 Gt S, 4--1,168 Gt Cl, 1--175 Gt F). Our data suggest that regional climatic and environmental impacts of volcanism in the non-flourishing stages probably hindered the species diversification. The high P flux released from lithospheric mantle-derived lavas during the peak time of craton destruction might have enhanced primaryproductivity and contributed to the flourishing of the Jehol Biota. Our study provides insights into the relationship between the biosphere and deep geodynamic processes driven by volcanism.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Radu_etal2022,

title = {Zoisite in cratonic eclogite xenoliths - Implications for water in the upper mantle},

author = {I. B. Radu and B. N. Moine and N. Bolfan-Casanova and D. A. Ionov and J. L. Devidal and E. Deloule and A. V. Korsakov and A. V. Golovin and O. B. Oleinikov and J. Y. Cottin},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2022.106681},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {418-419},

pages = {106681},

abstract = {A significant portion of the Earth’s water is found at trace levels in nominally anhydrous rock forming minerals in the crust and mantle. Its distribution has far-reaching implications in melt-generating processes, mantle rheology and the stability of the lithosphere. We report petrographic, major and trace element, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry data on four eclogite xenoliths from the Obnazhennaya kimberlite, Siberia that contain hydrous minerals at upper mantle conditions. Al-rich (\>9.9 wt% Al2O3) omphacitic clinopyroxene, a major mineral of eclogites, contains crystallographically controlled exsolutions of CaO-rich (up to 23.6 wt%) garnet (coronae, lenses), garnet-zoisite (lamellae) or amphiboles (needle/blade-like exsolutions). The omphacite hosting the exsolved lamellae shows enrichment or depletion in major (Al, Si, Mg) and trace (e.g., HREE) elements compatible with garnet and zoisite, proportional to the abundance of exsolutions.We argue that zoisite likely formed concomitantly with garnet exsolution from a water- and Al-rich precursory omphacite, without any fluid addition. The compositional gradients are consistent with diffusion-controlled partitioning in a closed system, and their preservation indicates the exsolution likely took place shortly prior to eclogite entrapment by the kimberlite. Large, non-exsolved, omphacite grains contain minimum textasciitilde870--1500ppm wt. H2O (determined as OH). We infer that intertwined lamellae of hydrous garnet (600--960 ppm wt. H2O)and minor (\<1%) zoisite (2 wt% H2O) formed at mantle conditions due to progressive exsolution, withoutexternal fluids. Recalculated whole rock water contents range from textasciitilde320 to 970 ppm wt. H2O. These estimatesexceed by far those for the surrounding peridotitic mantle and suggest that, although a minor component,eclogites may locally be an important water reservoir in the cratonic mantle.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu_etal2022,

title = {Water enrichment in the mid-ocean ridge by recycling of mantle wedge residue},

author = {J. Liu and C. H. Tao and J. P. Zhou and K. Shimizu and W. Li and J. Liang and S. Liao and T. Kuritani and E. Deloule and T. Ushikubo and T. Nakagawa and W. F. Yang and G. Zhang and Y. L. Liu and C. W. Zhu and H. Sun and J. Zhou},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117455},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {584},

pages = {116550},

abstract = {Trace amounts of water in the sub-oceanic mantle play crucial role in the vigor of mantle convection and the production of oceanic crust, and other many geodynamic processes. Consequently, the cycling of H2O between the mantle and the exosphere in the mantle is one of the critical processes governing Earth’s geodynamical and geochemical evolution. While the deep cycling of altered oceanic lithosphere was considered as the main way to replenish the water in oceanic upper mantle, the significance of the arc mantle wedge after the genesis of arc magmatism dragged down by the subducting slab concomitantly has been not well constrained. Here, we report that fresh depleted basaltic glasses from the ultraslow-spreading Southwestern Indian Ridge (SWIR), located far from any recent subduction zones, show unusually high H2O/Ce ratios (\>600), water contents and heavy hydrogen isotopic compositions. These results could be best explained by recycling of water through melting of a residual hydrous mantle wedge after early melt extraction. Considering that such mantle wedges residue dragged down to the deeper mantle could occupy a volume one order of magnitude larger than that of the subducted lithosphere in the earth history, we suggest that the potential role of such shallow recycling should be considered in studies of global water recycling and the origin of water in the upper asthenosphere.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouden_etal2021,

title = {Triple oxygen isotope measurements by multi-collector secondary ion mass spectrometry},

author = {N. Bouden and J. Villeneuve and Y. Marrocchi and E. Deloule and E. F\"{u}ri and A. Gurenko and L. Piani and E. Thomassot and P. Peres and F. Fernandes},

doi = {doi: 10.3389/feart.2020.601169},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Earth Science},

pages = {8:601169},

abstract = {Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a powerful technique for in situ triple oxygen isotope measurements that has been used for more than 30 years. Since pioneering works performed on small-radius ion microprobes in the mid-80s, tremendous progress has been made in terms of analytical precision, spatial resolution and analysis duration. In this respect, the emergence in the mid-90s of the large-radius ion microprobe equipped with a multi-collector system (MC-SIMS) was a game changer. Further developments achieved on CAMECA MC-SIMS since then (e.g., stability of the electronics, enhanced transmission of secondary ions, automatic centering of the secondary ion beam, enhanced control of the magnetic field, 1012$\Omega$ resistor for the Faraday cup amplifiers) allow nowadays to routinely measure oxygen isotopic ratios (18O/16O and 17O/16O) in various matrices with a precision (internal error and reproducibility) better than 0.5texttenthousand (2$sigma$), a spatial resolution smaller than 10 $mu$m and in a few minutes per analysis. This paper focuses on the application of the MC-SIMS technique to the in situ monitoring of mass-independent triple oxygen isotope variations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Moine_etal2020,

title = {Molecular hydrogen in minerals as a clue to interpret �'iD variations in the mantle},

author = {B. N. Moine and N. Bolfan-Casanova and I. B. Radu and D. A. Ionov and G. Costin and A. V. Korsakov and A. V. Golovin and O. B. Oleinikov and E. Deloule and J. Y. Cottin},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-020-17442-8},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {11},

pages = {3604},

abstract = {Trace amounts of water dissolved in minerals affect density, viscosity and melting behaviour of the Earthtextquoterights mantle and play an important role in global tectonics, magmatism and volatile cycle. Water concentrations and the ratios of hydrogen isotopes in the mantle give insight into these processes, as well as into the origin of terrestrial water. Here we show the presence of molecular H2 in minerals (omphacites) from eclogites from the Kaapvaal and Siberian cratons. These omphacites contain both high amounts of H2 (70 to 460 wt. ppm) and OH. Furthermore, their �'iD values increase with dehydration, suggesting a positive H isotope fractionation factor between minerals and H2--bearing fluid, contrary to what is expected in case of isotopic exchange between minerals and H2O-fluids. The possibility of incorporation of large quantities of H as H2 in nominally anhydrous minerals implies that the storage capacity of H in the mantle may have been underestimated, and sheds new light on H isotope variations in mantle magmas and minerals.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gigon_etal2020,

title = {Tracing metal sources for the giant McArthur River Zn-Pb deposit (Australia) using lead isotopes},

author = {J. Gigon and E. Deloule and J. Mercadier and D. L. Huston and A. Richard and I. R. Annesley and A. S. Wygralak and R. G. Skirrow and T. P. Mernagh and K. Masterman},

doi = {10.1130/G47001.1},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {48},

number = {5},

pages = {478--482},

abstract = {Giant hydrothermal ore deposits form where fluids carrying massive amounts of metals scavenged from source rocks or magmas encounter conditions favorable for their localized deposition. However, in most cases, the ultimate origin of metals remains highly disputed. Here, we show for the first time that two metal sources have provided, in comparable amounts, the 8 Mt of lead of the giant McArthur River zinc-lead deposit (McArthur Basin, Northern Territory, Australia). By using high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis of lead isotopes in galena, we demonstrate that the two metal sources were repeatedly involved in the metal deposition in the different ore lenses ca. 1640 Ma. Modeling of lead isotope fractionation between mantle and crustal reservoirs implicates felsic rocks of the crystalline basement and the derived sedimentary rocks in the basin as the main lead sources that were leached by the ore-forming fluids. This sheds light on the crucial importance of metal tracing as a prerequisite to constrain large-scale ore-forming systems, and calls for a paradigm shift in the way hydrothermal systems form giant ore deposits: leaching of metals from several sources may be key in accounting for their huge metal tonnage.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fri_etal2020,

title = {Cosmic ray effects on the isotope composition of hydrogen and noble gases in lunar samples: Insights from Apollo 12018},

author = {E. F\"{u}ri and L. Zimmermann and E. Deloule and R. Trappitsch},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116550},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {550},

pages = {116550},

abstract = {Exposure of rocks and regolith to solar (SCR) and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) at the Moontextquoterights surface results in the production of textquoteleftcosmogenictextquoteright deuterium and noble gas nuclides at a rate that depends on a complex set of parameters, such as the energy spectrum and intensity of the cosmic ray flux, the chemical composition, size, and shape of the target as well as the shielding depth. As the effects of cosmic rays on the D production in lunar samples remain poorly understood, we determine here the D content and noble gas (He-Ne-Ar) characteristics of nominally anhydrous mineral (olivine and pyroxene) grains and rock fragments, respectively, from different documented depths (0 to �W4.8cm) within Apollo olivine basalt 12018. Deuterium concentrations, determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry, and cosmogenic 3He, 21Ne, and 38Ar abundances, measured by CO2laser extraction static mass spectrometry, are constant over the depth range investigated. Neon isotope ratios (20Ne/22Ne ≈0.86 and 21Ne/22Ne ≈0.85) of the cosmogenic endmember are comparable to the theoretical signature of GCR-produced neon. These observations indicate that the presence of significant amounts of SCR nuclides in the studied sub-samples can be ruled out. Hence, D within the olivines and pyroxenes must have been predominantly produced in situby GCR-induced spallation reactions during exposure at the lunar surface. Comparison of the amount of D with the 21Ne (184 textpm26Ma) or 38Ar (193 textpm25Ma) exposure ages yields a D production rate that is in good agreement with the value of (2.17 textpm0.11) texttimes10−12mol(grock)−1Ma−1from Füri et al. (2017). These results confirm that cosmic ray effects can substantially alter the hydrogen isotope (D/H) ratio of indigenous textquoteleftwatertextquoteright in returned extraterrestrial samples and meteorites with long exposure ages.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ElKorh_etal2020,

title = {Tracing metallic pre-concentrations in the Limousin ophiolite-derived rocks and Variscan granites (French Massif Central)},

author = {A. El Korh and M. C. Boiron and M. Cathelineau and E. Deloule and B. Luais},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2019.105345},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

pages = {356--357},

abstract = {The French Massif Central (FMC) is part of the West European Variscan belt. The economic and sub-economic ore deposits fromthe Limousin area are the consequence of intensive fluid-rock interactions related to a lithosphericdelamination process that occurred during the Neo-Variscan Period (320--290Ma). This study focuses on the fingerprints of fluid-rock interactions in the Limousin ophiolite-derived rocks and granitic massifs, in order to trace the source of trace elements transported by fluids involved in the formation of the Variscan ore deposits (including Sn, W, Au and U deposits). A series of compatible and incompatible metallic trace elements (Ag, As, Au, Bi, Li, Co, Cr, Cu, Ga, Ge, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Sn, Ti, V,W) were analysed in a series of basic (metagabbros, basic dykes), ultrabasic (serpentinites) and felsic (granites and gneisses) rocks, as well as in the mineral assemblages, in order to determine their relationships with the Limousin ore deposits. Serpentinites and theirmineral assemblages (serpentine, olivine, amphibole, chlorite and spinel) show high concentrations in compatible transitionmetals (Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu) and low abundances of incompatible metals (Ge, Ga,Mo, Sn, Sb, W). Associated amphibolites (metagabbros and metamorphosed dykes) show high contents of compatible metals, though lower than ultrabasic rocks. Amphibole and, to a lesser extent, titanite, are the mainhosts for metallic trace elements. Abundances in incompatible metals are generally low. Amphibole has low Sn and Sb contents, while higher Sn contents were measured in titanite. In a UHP zoisite-eclogite cropping out close to one of the ophiolite-derived massifs, zoisite, rutile, omphacite and retrograde amphibole showhigh concentrations of incompatible elements (Sn, Sb,W, As, Ga, Ge, Mo and Bi). However, it has been shown that high-temperature and low-temperature hydrothermal alteration that have affected the basic and ultrabasic protolithsis c. 100Ma older than those that were responsible for the formation of ore deposits. For this reason, and as well because of their low Wand Sn abundances, the ultrabasic and basic rocks cannot be considered as source for the LimousinW-Sn ore deposits.In granite and gneisses, the metallic trace elements are mainly hosted by biotite and muscovite. Quartz and feldspars only show minor amounts of Sc, Ga, Ge, Sn and Pb. The micas contain low amounts of Ge, As, Sb, Bi and variable amounts of Sc, Cu and Ga. Besides, micas display significant Sn and W contents. Variations in Sn and W in micas allow tracing the pre-mineralisation concentrations in the granitic massifs: there is a clear geographical correlation between the Sn and W composition of micas and the importance of the W-Sn ore deposits, arguing for a local source of pre-concentrations. Granites from the Vaulry W-Sn ore deposit display the highest W and Sn concentrations, while granites hosting the Au deposits in the southern part of the Limousin (St-Yrieix, Cheni, Lauri\'{e}ras) show the smallest concentrations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decre_etal2020,

title = {Unravelling the processes controlling apatite formation in the Phalaborwa Complex (South Africa) based on combined cathodoluminescence, LA-ICPMS and in-situ O and Sr isotope analyses},

author = {S. Decr\'{e}e and G. Cawthorn and E. Deloule and J. Mercadier and H. Frimmel and J. M. Baele},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-020-1671-6},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {175},

number = {34},

pages = {1--31},

abstract = {The Phalaborwa world-class phosphate deposit (South Africa) is hosted by a Paleoproterozoic alkaline complex mainly composed of phoscorite, carbonatite, pyroxenitic rocks, and subordinate fenite. In addition, syenite and trachyte occur in numerous satellite bodies. New petrological and in-situ geochemical data along with O and Sr isotope data obtained on apatite demonstrate that apatite is in the principal host rocks (pyroxenitic rocks, phoscorite and carbonatite) formed primarily by igneous processes from mantle-derived carbonatitic magmas. Early-formed magmatic apatite is particularly enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), with a decrease in the REE content ascribed to magma differentiation and early apatite fractionation in isolated interstitial melt pockets. Rayleigh fractionation favored a slight increase in $delta$18O (below 1%) at a constant Sr isotopic composition. Intrusion of fresh carbonatitic magma into earlier-formed carbonatite bodies locally induced re-equilibration of early apatite with REE enrichment but at constant O and Sr isotopic compositions. In fenite, syenite and trachyte, apatite displays alteration textures and LREE depletion, reflecting interaction with fluids. A marked decrease in $delta$18O in apatite from syenite and trachyte indicates a contribution from $delta$18O-depleted meteoric fluids. This is consistent with the epizonal emplacement of the satellite bodies. The general increase of the Sr isotope ratios in apatite in these rocks reflects progressive interaction with the country rocks over time. This study made it possible to decipher, with unmatched precision, the succession of geological processes that led to one of the most important phosphate deposits worldwide.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decraene_etal2020,

title = {High spatial resolution measurements of iron isotopes in pyrites by SIMS using the new Hyperion‐II Radio‐Frequency Plasma source},

author = {M. N. Decraene and J. Marin-Carbonne and A. S. Bouvier and J. Villeneuve and N. Bouden and B. Luais and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1002/rcm.8986},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry},

pages = {e8986},

abstract = {RationaleIron isotopic signatures in pyrites are considered as a good proxy to reconstruct paleoenvironmental and local redox conditions. However, the investigation of micro‐pyrites less than 20$mu$m in size has been limited by the evaluable analytical techniques. The development of the new brighter radio‐frequency plasma ion source (Hyperion‐II source) enhances the spatial resolution by increasing the beam density 10 times compared with the Duoplasmatron source.MethodsHere we present high spatial resolution measurements of iron isotopes in pyrites using a 3nA‐3$mu$m primary 16O‐ beam on two Cameca IMS 1280‐HR2 ion microprobe instruments equipped with Hyperion sources at CRPG‐IPNT (France) and at SwissSIMS (Switzerland). We tested analytical effects, such as topography and crystal orientation that could induce analytical biases perceptible through variations of the Instrumental Mass Fractionation (IMF).ResultsThe $delta$56Fe reproducibility for the Balmat pyrite standard is textpm0.25texttenthousand (2SD, standard deviation) and the typical individual internal error is textpm0.10texttenthousand (2SE, standard error). The sensitivity on 56Fe+ was 1.2x107cps/nA/ppm or better. Tests on Balmat pyrites revealed that neither the crystal orientation nor channeling effects seem to significantly influence the IMF. Different pyrite standards (Balmat and SpainCR) were used to test the accuracy of the measurements. Indium mounts must be carefully prepared with sample topography \< 2$mu$m, which was checked using an interferometric microscope. Such a topography is negligible for introducing change in the IMF. This new source increases the spatial resolution while maintaining the high precision of analyses and the overall stability of the measurements compared with the previous Duoplasmatron source.ConclusionsWe developed a reliable method to perform accurate and high‐resolution measurements of micrometric pyrites. The investigation of sedimentary micro‐pyrites will improve our understanding of the processes and environmental conditions during pyrite precipitation, including contribution of primary (microbial activities or abiotic reactions) and secondary signatures (diagenesis and/or hydrothermal fluid circulation).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dAugustin_etal2020,

title = {Evidence for an active, transcrustal magma system in the last 60 ka and eruptive degassing budget (H2O, CO2, S, F, Cl, Br) : The case of Dominica},

author = {T. dtextquoterightAugustin and H. Balcone-Boissard and G. Boudon and C. Martel and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1029/2020GC009050},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3},

pages = {e2020GC009050},

abstract = {The Morne Trois Pitons‐Micotrin volcanic complex on the island of Dominica (Lesser Antilles) emitted a series of plinian eruptions between 18 and 9 ka BP. We studied it to constrain magma storage conditions and volatile degassing balances, by comparison with the three previous ignimbrites ( 60--24 ka BP). Volatile concentrations in glass inclusions and mineral‐melt thermobarometry indicate storage at ≤200 MPa ( 6--8 km) and 860--880textdegreeC. The magmas feeding these plinian eruptions were stored at a shallower depth than those that older ignimbrites from the same volcanic complex and stored at 16 km. Close magma composition and similar halogen ratios, however, suggest a common source for the magmas feeding both the plinian eruptions and the ignimbrites. The large eruptive fluxes of F, Cl, and Br to the atmosphere (up to 1.4--2.8 texttimes 10−1 Mt/km3, 1.5--4.0 Mt/km3, and 2--4 texttimes 10−2 Mt/km3, respectively), estimated by the petrological method, support the potentially important role of volcanic halogens in modifying the chemistry of the atmosphere, though Cl is underestimated here because of buffering in a fluid phase. The behavior of S, potentially partitioned in the same fluid phase, prevents here the calculation of an eruptive outgassing budget.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bruguier_etal2020,

title = {A case study of in situ analyses (major and trace elements, U-Pb geochronology and Hf-O isotopes) of a zircon megacryst : Implication for the evolution of the Eg\'{e}r\'{e} terrane (Central Hoggar, Tuareg Shield, Algeria)},

author = {O. Bruguier and R. Caby and D. Bosch and K. Ouzegane and E. Deloule and B. Dhuime and A. Bendaoud and J. R. Kienast},

doi = {10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105966},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Precambrian Research},

volume = {351},

pages = {105966},

abstract = {The Tighsi area of the Eg\'{e}r\'{e}/Aleksod Terrane (Tuareg Shield) contains mafic eclogites interlayered within anatectic metapelites corresponding to metabasalts coeval with a shallow water marine sedimentation. In this study we present in-situ geochronological (U-Pb) and geochemical (major and trace elements, Hf and O isotopes) analyses from a 2.6 mm zircon megacryst found in a high-pressure kyanite pegmatite enclosed in the metapelites. Oscillatory zoning, HREE-enriched patterns, positive Ce anomalies and the absence of negative Eu anomalies are consistent with crystallization of the megacryst from the anatectic melt. Ti-in-zircon temperatures indicate crystallization at 811 textpm 15 ◦C in an allanite/monazite buffered anatectic melt as evidenced by the low Th/U ratios. Oxygen isotopes yield large intra-grain variations (7.1--12.3texttenthousand) with a gradual lowering towards the edge of the grain in contact with secondary feldspathic veinlets. These results indicate fluid-assisted oxygen isotope disturbances, consistent with the low retentivity of O in zircon under wet conditions. Hf isotopes do not display intra-grain variations (mean $epsilon$Hfi = ?\u{I} 20.7 textpm 1.0) and support production of the leucosome by melting of crustal material. U-Pb analyses of the center of the crystal provide an age of 654 textpm 5 Ma (2$sigma$), attributed to post-peak decompression and heating. HP eclogite facies conditions in the Egtextasciiacuteertextasciiacutee terrane are thus significantly older than HP metamorphism in the western part of the shield (610--625 Ma) in agreement with multiple subduction events along the margins of the Tuareg Shield. The rim of the megacryst, close to feldspathic veinlets, is characterized by a significant decrease of trace elements (U, Y, HFSE), but preserved identical Hf isotope ratios, which is consistent with recrystallization processes. The rim displays a Ti-in-zircon temperature of 717 textpm 28 ◦C and a U-Pb age of 584 textpm 6 Ma (2$sigma$) coeval with the climax of batholith intrusion in Central Hoggar. Reheating and softening of the lower/middle crust at that time may have assisted and favored upward viscous flow of basement domes and escape tectonics along lithospheric shear zones. We propose that the final push of the Saharan metacraton in the east was responsible for the observed architecture of the Egtextasciiacuteertextasciiacutee terrane, where anatectic elongated domes of basement gneisses alternate with HP metasedimentary synforms.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Balcone-Boissard_etal2020,

title = {Br diffusion in phonolitic melts : Comparison with fluorine and chlorine diffusion},

author = {H. Balcone-Boissard and D. R. Baker and B. Villemant and J. Cauzid and G. Boudon and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.2138/am-2020-7372},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {105},

pages = {1639--1646},

abstract = {Bromine diffusion was measured in two natural phonolitic melts : (1) a K2O-rich ( 10 wt%) one synthesized from the white pumice phase of the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius (Italy), and (2) a Na2O-rich ( 10 wt%) one corresponding to the most differentiated melt of the 12 000 BC eruption of the Laacher See (Germany). Experiments were performed at 0.5 and 1.0 GPa, 1250 to 1450 textdegreeC, at anhydrous and hydrous (2.65 textpm 0.35 wt% of dissolved water) conditions. Experiments conducted with the diffusion-couple technique in the piston cylinder were performed with only bromine diffusing and with the simultaneous diffusion of a halogen mixture (F, Cl, Br) to evaluate the interactions between the halogens during diffusion. The diffusion profiles of Br were measured by X-ray fluorescence using synchrotron radiation microprobe (SYXRF), ID18F, at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF, France). Bromine diffusion displays Arrhenian behavior under anhydrous conditions that is similar when it diffuses alone and when it diffuses with F and Cl. The Br diffusion coefficients range between 2 texttimes 10--12 m2/s at 1250 textdegreeC and 1.5 texttimes 10--11 m2/s at 1450 textdegreeC for the Na-rich melt and between 3 texttimes 10--12 m2/s at 1250 textdegreeC and 2.5 texttimes 10--11 m2/s at 1450 textdegreeC for the K-rich melt, at 1.0 GPa. Although Br mobility is independent of F and Cl in anhydrous phonolitic melts, its behavior may be dependent on the dominant alkali in the melt, as previously observed for Cl, but not F. For hydrous experiments, although the data are scattered, the Br diffusivity increases slightly with water and the Na/K ratio seems to influence Br diffusivity. Similarly to noble gases, halogen diffusivity at a given temperature in the phonolitic melts appears related to the ionic porosity of the silicate structure. Compared to basaltic melt, Br diffusivities are approximately one order of magnitude lower in the Na-phonolite melt, because of the difference of the pre-exponential factor. Br mobility appears to be decoupled from melt viscosity, considering the results here.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pernet-Fisher_etal2019,

title = {Evidence of chemical heterogeneity within lunar anorthosite parental magmas},

author = {J. F. Pernet-Fisher and E. Deloule and K. H. Joy},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2019.03.033},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {266},

pages = {109--130},

abstract = {Lunar anorthosites are known for displaying a limited range of plagioclase An content (-An 94 to 98). Here we demonstrate that plagioclase trace-element variations from Apollo ferroan anorthosites (FAN) samples (collected by the Apollo 15 and 16 missions) display more significant chemical heterogeneity (e.g., chondrite-normalized [La/Sm] 0.33--5.42) than previously reported. We report mineral (plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine) major- and trace-element abundances for a suite of Apollo FAN samples, in addition to, anorthositic clasts within Apollo 16 regolith breccias. This suite of data extends the compositional range currently reported for Apollo anorthosites and for anorthositic clasts previously found within lunar meteorites. Petrological classifications of the regolith breccia clasts (e.g., anorthosite versus noritic anorthosites) cannot always be accurately assessed due to the limited size (\<1 cm) these rock fragments, however, the overlap in chemistry with the FAN suite highlights a genetic link with the FAN bedrock source. This observation emphasizes the usefulness of clasts and mineral fragments within regolith breccias, offering important insights into potentially unsampled bedrock lithologies from the Apollo 16 landing site. Melts in equilibrium with plagioclase can be used to assess parental melt compositions of the lunar magma ocean (LMO), from which anorthosites are generally agreed to have crystallized. In general, melts in equilibrium with the anorthosites reported here display slight light rare earth (LREE) depletions to LREE enrichments ([La/Sm]CI 0.87--2.5). The observed range of LREE enrichments from this suite, together with variations in ratios of other incompatible trace-elements (e.g., Th/Sm = 0.002--0.19) cannot be accounted for by fractional crystallization alone. We propose that the observed trace-element enriched anorthosites are related to overturn processes in the lunar mantle. During mantle overturn, the act of exhuming deep mafic-rich cumulates to the base of the lunar crust will trigger decompression melting. These are likely to be small degree (\<10%) partial melts, which are typically enriched in incompatible elements. Variable mixing between such melts, KREEP, and overlying plagioclase-saturated residual melts or plagioclase-rich lithologies will result in lunar anorthosites that display variable incompatible element enriched signatures. This is similar to the proposal of Floss et al. (1998) that suggested infiltration of local LMO magmas occurred by more evolved liquids through a process of metasomatism. By understanding the petrogenesis of these lunar anorthosites, we are able to constrain some of the complexities associated with the solidification of a magma ocean. This in turn, has important implications for understanding the timing and formation mechanisms of the Moontextquoterights crust.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Moretti_etal2019,

title = {Volatile segregation and generation of highly vesiculated explosive magmas by volatile-melt fining processes : The case of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption},

author = {R. Moretti and I. Arienzo and V. Di Renzo and G. Orsi and F. Arzilli and F. Brun and M. DtextquoterightAntonio and L. Mancini and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.10.001},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {503},

pages = {1--14},

abstract = {The late Pleistocene trachytic Campanian Ignimbrite (\>300 km3 DRE, ca. 39 ka) covers the Campanian Plain (Italy) around Naples. It is found behind ridges \>1000 m high at 80 km from the source in the Campi Flegrei caldera. This points towards very dilute currents, that together with the huge amount of discharged magmatic material, suggest a magma reservoir highly enriched in volatiles. The huge volume of magma that extruded during the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption differentiated and mixed at shallow depth (6--3 km), as shown by modelling of the petrologic and geochemical features of the erupted products together with melt inclusion-based studies of gas-melt saturation. With respect to compositionally similar but lower magnitude Phlegraean eruptions (e.g., Agnano-Monte Spina, \>1 km3 DRE, ca. 4.6 ka), the large amount of volatiles discharged by Campanian Ignimbrite was likely due to fractional crystallization of the lowermost portion of its magmatic reservoir. Because of the long residence time of the Campanian Ignimbrite magmatic system within the crust, an efficient decoupling took place during the upward migration of volatile elements in response to a chromatographic fractionation between H2O and CO2. This caused early pulses of nearly pure CO2 (CO2-fluxing), followed by a long-lasting H2O enrichment which yielded dissolved H2O contents up to 6--7 wt%. An overpressurized CO2-dominated gas cap was consequently produced, uniformly distributed at the top of the magma chamber. The onset of the eruption tapped this cap and generated Plinian columns, causing depressurization and fast volume decrease that facilitated, or even drove, the caldera collapse. H2O-rich magma was discharged during the following phase, characterised by pyroclastic density currents. The uniform distribution of the high values of void fraction (\>70%) and the high degree of vesicle connectivity throughout the magma body testify to the huge abundance of volatiles. These percolate from the crystallizing basal layers and determine the volatile-melt fining process yielding an efficient separation between H2O and CO2. The gas saturation-based estimates of the tapped foamy magma are compatible with the extent of magma chamber roof collapse, the strong expansion revealed by textural data, and the transport and deposition mechanisms, reflecting depressurization and inflation of the volatile-rich magma within the collapsed and laterally confined caldera.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martz_etal2019,

title = {Post-crystallization alteration of natural uraninites : Implications for dating, tracing, and nuclear forensics},

author = {P. Martz and J. Mercadier and J. Perret and J. Villeneuve and E. Deloule and M. Cathelineau and D. Quirt and A. Doney and P. Ledru},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2019.01.025},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {249},

pages = {138--159},

abstract = {This study presents systematic chemical (U, Pb, Ca, Si, Fe) mapping coupled with in situ analyses of major, minor and trace elements, U/Pb, 207Pb/206Pb, and O isotopic compositions of natural uraninites (UO2) from two samples of the high-grade uranium ore from the Cigar Lake unconformity-related uranium deposit (Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada).The studied uraninites are characterized by major chemical and isotopic heterogeneities expressed at small scale (textmum to tens of textmum), from almost pristine zones to strongly altered material. The 206Pb/238U and 207Pb/235U ratios of the different areas are widely spread and depict two similar and well-defined Discordia, providing an upper intercept age of crystallization at ca. 1300 Ma (1299 textpm 4 and 1308 textpm 14 Ma, respectively) and lower intercepts at 38 textpm 13 and 72 textpm 22 Ma, respectively.The freshest areas are characterized by sub-concordant 206Pb/238U and 207Pb/235U ratios, identical chemical compositions and similar very low $delta$18O values (−39.3 to −31.4texttenthousand). These data indicate that the two uraninites both crystallized at ca. 1300 Ma, from the same fluid and under identical physico-chemical conditions.Alteration is characterized by (i) the progressive incorporation of Ca, Si, and Fe, reaching several wt.%, which substitute to the radiogenic Pb and cause a progressive decrease in the Pb/U isotopic ratios. The radiogenic Pb is also substituted by water during the alteration, (ii) concomitant variations in trace element contents (As, Mn, V, LREEs, Sr, Th, B, Ba, Nb, for example) and (iii) heavier $delta$18O signatures (−22.5 to −8.91texttenthousand), typical of meteoric waters, in the altered zones. This combined approach demonstrates that fluid-driven post-crystallization exchanges affected each uraninite during recent fluid flow events (ca. 40 Ma and 70 Ma respectively). The relatively high dispersion of the Pb/U ratios in relation to the Discordia for both samples is considered as linked to a local (nm to textmum-scale) differential mobility between lead and uranium within the uranium oxides.The chemical changes affecting elements previously considered as immobile in uraninite, such as REEs, indicate that these elements are not preserved during the post-crystallization alteration process studied here. Alteration processes may therefore have a major impact on the classical geochemical tracers, such as REE patterns or LREE/HREE ratios, currently used in nuclear forensic studies. The isotopic and chemical tracers currently used to track back the origin, age and history of natural uraninites should therefore be considered with a high degree of caution to avoid misleading and erroneous conclusions.Moreover, the comparison of calculated U-Th-Pb chemical, 207Pb/206Pb, and Pb/U isotopic ages shows that the use of age clustering for determining U-Th-Pb chemical ages and 206Pb/207Pb ages is not appropriate for constraining crystallization stage(s) of altered uraninites and for deciphering the different fluid events that potentially altered or recrystallized the uraninites over time. This study also indicates that estimation of the crystallization age of uraninite from substitution trends of Pb to Ca is not applicable to unconformity-related U deposits and results in overestimated ages because of an initial integration of calcium in the uraninite lattice at the time of crystallization.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{MamaneM.M._etal2019,

title = {Cenozoic oxidation episodes in West Africa at the origin of the in situ supergene mineral redistribution of the primary uranium orebodies (Imouraren deposit, Tim Merso"i Basin, Northern Niger)},

author = {Mamane M.M. and M. Cathelineau and E. Deloule and R. Schmitt and M. Brouand},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-019-00945-w},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

abstract = {Uranium (U) deposits can undergo oxidizing events, subsequent to which the U may be redistributed or precipitated under distinct mineralogical forms. Occurrences of U6+ minerals can be the result of either (i) in situ oxidation and alteration of previous U4+ minerals or (ii) direct precipitation from U6+-rich solutions. Samples from Imouraren, the largest U6+ore deposit known in the world, located in the Tim Merso"i Basin, Northern Niger, have been studied to determine the nature, distribution, and timing of occurrences of U and related minerals. The host rock is composed of sandstones and analcime-rich siliciclastic rocks of Jurassic age. The U ore is largely dominated by acicular hexavalent U minerals and by a very small amount of uraninite. A comprehensive geochemical model that describes the origin and geochemical setting of this style of economically important mineralization has been developed. The petrographic and mineralogical studies show evidence of in situ uraninite alteration into uranophane and metatyuyamunite, documented by textural relationships and chemical analyses using SEM and electron microprobe. The textural relationship between the U4+ and U6+ minerals is supported by the near-identical REE signatures of the primary uraninite and related secondary U minerals. Ion microprobe U-Pb dating (from 21 to textasciitildethinspace1 Ma) confirms that primary uraninites were altered to U6+ minerals under supergene conditions during Cenozoic oxidation events in western Africa, in relation with the well-known stages of intense continental weathering that have affected western Africa from the early Cenozoic to recent times.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Legros_etal2019,

title = {U-Pb isotopic dating of columbite-tantalite minerals : Development of reference materials and in situ applications by ion microprobe},

author = {H. Legros and J. Mercadier and J. Villeneuve and R. L. Romer and E. Deloule and M. Van Lichtervelde and S. Dewaele and P. Lach and X. D. Che and R. C. Wang and Z. Y. Zhu and E. Gloaguen and J. Melleton},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.03.001},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {512},

pages = {69--84},

abstract = {Columbite-tantalite group minerals are the most common Nb-Ta minerals. Columbite-tantalite is particularly suitable for U-Pb dating due to its high U and low common Pb contents. In situ isotopic dating of columbite-tantalite by LA-ICP-MS or SIMS requires certified reference material to properly account for potential matrix effects linked to substitutions between Nb and Ta and between Mn and Fe. Our study has two objectives : i) establish a database of reference materials for in situ U-Pb isotopic dating of columbite-tantalite minerals and ii) test the capability of SIMS to in situ U-Pb date columbite-tantalite minerals of different chemical composition. Tests of in situ U-Pb dating demonstrate that SIMS can easily be used to date columbite-tantalite minerals with errors and precisions overlapping the reference ID-TIMS age. There are, however, significant matrix effects for non-matching Nb-Ta-Fe-Mn compositions of sample and reference material. Matrix effects are highly correlated with the Ta/(Ta + Nb) ratio of columbite-tantalite, due to the significant difference in the atomic mass of Nb and Ta. The Mn/(Mn + Fe) ratio does not significantly contribute to the observed matrix effect as the two elements have similar atomic masses. The linear correlation between Ta/(Nb + Ta) and ((206Pb/238U)SIMS/(206Pb/238U)ID-TIMS) obtained for columbite-tantalite minerals of known ID-TIMS age demonstrates that the SIMS matrix-effect can be properly accounted for by using the chemical composition as determined by EMPA. The ability to measure 204Pb by SIMS also allows the use of reference materials with a small common lead contribution and to calculate accurate and precise ages for columbite-tantalite minerals with contributions of common lead.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ElKorh_etal2019,

title = {Lithium behaviour and isotope fractionation during fluid-rock interactions in Variscan oceanic suture zones : Limousin ophiolite and Ile de Groix high-pressure terrane (France)},

author = {A. El Korh and E. Deloule and B. Luais and M. C. Boiron and L. Bastian and N. Vigier},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egz060},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {60},

number = {10},

pages = {1963--1990},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Boulesteix_etal2019,

title = {Ilmenites and their alteration products, sinkholes for uranium and radium in roll-front deposits after the example of South Tortkuduk (Kazakhstan)},

author = {T. Boulesteix and M. Cathelineau and E. Deloule and M. Brouand and H. Toubon and P. Lach and N. Fiet},

doi = {10.1016/j.gexplo.2019.106343},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geochemical Exploration},

volume = {206},

pages = {106343},

abstract = {The approximate determination of average Ra/U disequilibria in orebodies is one of the most common causes of errors in U reserve estimations. In roll-front deposits, the disequilibria are however frequently distributed following complex geometries, which must be fully understood to prevent major U reserve overestimates and costly unproductive extractive operations. The processes responsible for disruption of the radioactive equilibria and the U and Ra carriers in such complex natural systems remain poorly constrained. In this contribution, we propose an innovative approach, mixing orebody to sub-grain scale studies to unravel the distribution of U and Ra and the processes responsible for their concentration and uncoupling. Using mineral separations, gamma spectrometry and mineral-chemical analyses, we identified the Fe-Ti clusters (altered ilmenite + pyrite/marcasite) as the microsites for coffinite precipitation and Ra concentration. To understand the influence of such clusters on the distribution of U and Ra at the deposit scale, wholerock Ra/U disequilibria were measured and mapped at a series of ten drill holes along a profile crosscutting the studied roll-front. The main Ra/U disequilibria are encountered around the mineralization in low U content zones. They are controlled by two main processes. (1) In the oxidized zones, the immobility of 230Th with respect to the U produces patches of Ra disequilibria (carried by the altered U minerals). (2) In the immediate vicinity of the roll-front, the dissolution of the mineralization produces an Ra flux trapped by the alteration products of ilmenites, as definitely confirmed by direct SIMS measurements. Such a process is responsible for the Ra disequilibria envelope located downstream of the richest ores, also known as Ra halo. The highest Ra/U ratios correspond to oxidized upstream samples, but most other high Ra/U ratios are from reduced downstream samples close to the mineralization. Such a low to medium U content envelope with high Ra/U ratios constitutes the main cause of U reserve overestimations.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Albert_etal2019,

title = {Magma interactions, crystal mush formation, timescales, and unrest during caldera collapse and lateral eruption at ocean island basaltic volcanoes (Piton de la Fournaise, La Reunion)},

author = {H. Albert and F. Costa and A. Di Muro and J. Herrin and N. Metrich and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2019.02.035},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {515},

pages = {187--199},

abstract = {The dynamics of magmatic processes at large mafic ocean island volcanoes control the likely locations (central caldera versus flanks) and timing of their eruptions. Crystals and their melt inclusions are key witnesses of these processes but are rarely studied in detail and in the same samples. Here we report the crystal and melt inclusion compositions of the April 2007 caldera-forming eruption of Piton de la Fournaise volcano and discuss how they relate to geophysical unrest monitoring data. Olivine crystals show mainly normal zoning (decrease in Mg/Fe) towards the rims, and also around some melt inclusions. Many crystals also show fine-scale skeletal structures defined by high phosphorus concentrations. Melt inclusions contain 53--205 ppm CO2 and 0.25--1.1 wt% H2O, and $delta$D ($delta$D values expressed as $delta$DVSMOW) ranges from −135 to 62texttenthousand. Monitoring data show that inflation of the edifice started about a month before the first 2007 eruption : magma intrusion occurred at ≈3 km below sea level, and quickly migrated towards shallower depths (about 1 km above sea level). Such a time frame of magma movement is recorded in the chemical zoning of the olivine crystals that massively and quickly crystallized when reaching shallow depth, without significant interactions between resident and intruding magmas. The intrusion was followed by lateral flank eruption and caldera collapse. The chemical zoning of the olivine crystal rims and around the melt inclusions indicates that the newly created crystal-mush moved laterally towards the surface in matter of days to 3 months. Post-caldera samples show significant H+ loss, likely due to the depressurization of the magmatic system stored at shallow level. Our findings are different from other mafic ocean island volcanoes or stratovolcanoes (e.g. Kilauea, Canary Islands, and Etna), where crystals commonly record magma mixing between evolved and shallow melts and intruding mafic melts. We speculate that the difference between our findings and those of similar mafic ocean island volcanoes is due to the variety of magma supply rates from depth.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vanderhaeghe_etal2018,

title = {Crustal-scale convection and diapiric upwelling of a partially molten orogenic root (Naxos dome, Greece)},

author = {O. Vanderhaeghe and S. C. Kruckenberg and M. Gerbault and L. Martin and S. Duch^ene and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2018.03.007},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Tectonophysics},

volume = {746},

pages = {459--469},

abstract = {The goal of this paper is to use the structural, metamorphic and geochronological record from the migmatitic core of the Naxos dome (Greece) and its associated subdomes to address the internal dynamics of a partially molten orogenic root. U-Pb ages from ca. 24 to 16 Ma and textures of zircon in the migmatites suggest successive dissolution and precipitation cycles with a period of 1 to 2 Ma, interpreted as the timescale of convective instabilities in a ca. 20 km thick partially molten layer. Dimensional analysis indicates that convection of this root requires a viscosity lower than 1018 Patextperiodcentereds, consistent with viscosity values expected for partially molten felsic rocks. Structural analysis and U-Pb geochronology of deformed granitic dikes rooting in the migmatites record the subsequent development of the Naxos dome by diapirism from ca. 16 to 13 Ma. The size of the first order migmatite dome on Naxos (5 texttimes 12 km) requires that the unstable layer at the onset of diapirism was 5 to 10 km thick and presented a moderate viscosity contrast with its envelope. From this analysis we propose that the Naxos migmatite dome documents a two stage dynamic evolution for the partially molten root of the Aegean belt characterized by (1) crustal scale convection for at least 8 Ma and (2) diapirism for about 3 Ma during progressive thinning of the collapsing orogenic crust.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Roskosz_etal2018,

title = {Kinetic D/H fractionation during hydration and dehydration of silicate glasses, melts and nominally anhydrous minerals},

author = {M. Roskosz and E. Deloule and J. Ingrin and C. Depecker and D. Laporte and S. Merkel and L. Remusat and H. Leroux},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2018.04.027},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {233},

pages = {14--32},

abstract = {The distribution of hydrogen isotopes during diffusion-driven aqueous processes in silicate glasses, melts and crystals was investigated. Hydration/dehydration experiments were performed on silica glasses at 1000 textdegreeC and 1 bar total pressure. Dehydration triggered by decompression-driven bubble nucleation and growth was performed on rhyolitic melts at 800 textdegreeC and a few hundred MPa. Hydrogen extraction from a nominally anhydrous mineral (grossular) single crystal was carried out at 800 textdegreeC and ambient pressure. After these three series of experiments, pronounced water (sensu lato) concentration profiles were observed in all recovered samples. In the grossular single-crystal, a large spatial variation in H isotopes ($delta$D variation \> 550texttenthousand) was measured across the sample. This isotopic distribution correlates with the hydrogen extraction profile. The fit to the data suggests an extreme decoupling between hydrogen and deuterium diffusion coefficients (DH and DD respectively), akin to the decoupling expected in a dilute ideal gas (DH/DD ��\'{E}��1.41). Conversely, no measurable spatially- and time-resolved isotopic variations were measured in silicate glasses and melts. This contrasted behavior of hydrogen isotopes likely stands in the different water speciation and solution mechanisms in the three different materials. Glasses and melts contain essentially hydroxyl and molecular water groups but the mobile species is molecular water in both cases. Protonated defects make up most of the water accommodated in grossular and other nominally anhydrous minerals (NAM). These defects are also the mobile species that diffuse against polarons. These results are crucial to accurately model the degassing behavior of terrestrial and lunar magmas and to derive the initial D/H of water trapped in fluid inclusions commonly analyzed in mantle NAMs, which suffered complex geological histories.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pfister_etal2018,

title = {Freshwater pearl mussels as a stream water stable isotope recorder},

author = {L. Pfister and F. Thielen and E. Deloule and N. Valle and E. Lentzen and C. Grave and J. N. Beiseil and J. J. McDonnell},

doi = {10.1002/eco.2007},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Ecohydrology},

volume = {11},

number = {7},

abstract = {For several decades, stable isotopes have been a commonly used and effective tool for flow path analysis, stream water source apportionment, and transit time analysis. The Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation repository now has monthly precipitation isotope time series extending over several years and even decades in some settings. However, stream water isotope composition time series remain rather short with only very few data sets spanning over more than a few years. A critical challenge in this respect is the collection of stream water isotope data sets across a wide variety of headwater streams and for long durations. We rely on a new approach for stream signal reconstruction based on freshwater mussels, specifically the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. We use secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to quantify oxygen isotope ratios in pearl mussel shell growth bands. In our study area, the observed seasonal variability in precipitation $delta$18O values ranges between −15texttenthousand and −3texttenthousand. This input signal is strongly damped in stream water, where observed values of $delta$18O range between −10texttenthousand and −6.5texttenthousand. These values are consistent with our measured average shell‐derived stream water $delta$18O of −7.19texttenthousand. Along successive growth bands, SIMS‐based stream water $delta$18Ow values varied within a seasonal range of −9texttenthousand to −5texttenthousand. The proposed SIMS‐based shell analysis technique is obviously well suited for analysing isotopic signatures of O in shell material---especially from the perspective of reconstructing historical series of in‐stream isotope signatures.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gu_etal2018,

title = {Metasomatism in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle beneath the south French Massif Central: Constraints from trace elements, Li and H in peridotite minerals},

author = {X. Gu and J. Ingrin and E. Deloule and L. France and Q. Xia},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.08.006},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {478},

pages = {2--17},

abstract = {Mantle metasomatism by percolating melts/fluids can significantly modify the geochemical and mineralogical compositions of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). We present a detailed study of water contents and Li concentrations and isotopic compositions in mantle minerals from a suite of peridotite xenoliths entrained by a Cenozoic Strombolian volcano in the southern French Massif Central (FMC). Wide ranging clinopyroxene trace element distributions (e.g., (La/Yb) N from 0.25 to 22.21 ; Ti/Eu ratios from 453 to 4892) suggest that the SCLM has undergone metasomatism by carbonatitic melts/fluids or melts/fluids related to subducted materials. Two amphibole-bearing samples exhibit depletion of light rare earth elements (LREE ; (La/Yb) N= 0.26 and 0.30, respectively) in amphiboles, similar to that in co-existing clinopyroxenes ; these samples indicate that amphiboles grew during a separate modally metasomatic event predating the cryptic metasomatism accounting for LREE enrichment and negative HFSE anomalies in other samples. Mineral Li concentrations are similar to those in the normal mantle, with inter-mineral Li partitioning nearly equilibrated and intragranular Li distributions nearly homogeneous. However, negative $delta$7 Li values of pyroxenes in some samples (as low as − 8.8 texttenthousand in clinopyroxene of sample MC38) can be attributed to diffusive exchange with a small-volume melt of moderate Li concentration and light Li isotopic composition, originally associated with a recycled component. Preservation of the currently observed large inter-mineral Li isotopic variations indicates that melt percolation occurred shortly before entrainment of the peridotite xenoliths by the host magma. Mineral water contents vary from 41 to 428 ppm in clinopyroxenes and from 28 to 152 ppm in orthopyroxenes, and their roughly negative co-variation with co-existing olivine Fo contents imply that partial melting was the main control over mineral water content variations in most samples. Varied water contents in LREE-enriched metasomatized samples indicate the involvement of metasomatic agents of different origins. The aqueous agent responsible for generation of amphiboles in two samples did not produce a notable increase in the water contents of coexisting nominally anhydrous minerals.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Florentin_etal2018,

title = {Chemical 3D-imaging of glass inclusions from allende (CV3) olivine via SIMS: A new insight on chondrule formation conditions},

author = {L. Florentin and E. Deloule and F. Faure and D. Mangin},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.021},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {230},

pages = {83--93},

abstract = {Natural glass inclusions ?\u{I} hosted in Mg-rich olivines from Allende (CV3) type I chondrules ?\u{I} and synthetic melt inclusions ?\u{I} trapped in forsterite crystallized from CMAS (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2) melts ?\u{I} were mapped by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(SIMS) for CMAS major oxides. The first ever 3D chemical images of extra-terrestrial glass inclusions were obtained, along with chemical depth profiles for each oxide. Results show similar patterns for both synthetic glass inclusions (trapped in olivine formed by slow crystallization in a magmatic liquid) and natural inclusions from Allendetextquoterights olivines. No incompatible-rich boundary layer or diffusion pattern was observed in either case. The absence of anincompatible-rich boundary layer suggests that the olivine overgrowth surrounding glass inclusions in Allendetextquoterights olivines was formed during slow cooling of the host olivine and likely the surrounding chondrule. This provides new constraints on the cooling rates of type I chondrules.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fri_etal2018,

title = {Nitrogen abundance and isotope analysis of silicate glasses by secondary ionization mass spectrometry},

author = {E. F\"{u}ri and E. Deloule and C. Dalou},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.06.008},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {493},

pages = {327--337},

abstract = {Chondritic meteorites preserve extreme intra-sample 15N/14N variations, which exceed, in some cases, the range of nitrogen isotope ratios observed at the Solar System scale. These observations are based on in situ analyses of CN− molecular ions by secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) in carbon-rich phases. The distribution of nitrogen and its isotopes in silicate minerals and glasses has not been investigated to this date due to the lack of an appropriate analytical protocol, as well as of suitable N-bearing standards. In order to improve our knowledge of the nitrogen signature of both extraterrestrial and terrestrial silicate samples, we have developed a protocol for determining precise and accurate nitrogen abundances (and isotope ratios) in basaltic glasses using high massresolution SIMS. Twelve (C-)N-bearing synthetic basaltic glasses, containing between\<1 and 18,443 textpm 966 ppm N, form the suite of reference materials for this study. By targeting the CN−, NO−, AlN−, and SiN− secondary molecular ions, nitrogen abundances can be detected down to the ppm level in both carbonbearing and carbon-free glasses. The analytical precision and reproducibility of isotope ratios in the form of 15N16O−/14N16O− is on the order of 11texttenthousand and 10 to 17texttenthousand (2$sigma$), respectively, for reference glasses containing �W100 ppm N. Thus, nitrogen isotope ratios can be determined with an uncertainty that is small enough to resolve nitrogen isotope variations in extraterrestrial silicates. The study of four chondrules of the ordinary chondrite Semarkona (LL3.0) reveals that the nitrogen distribution in the mesostasis is highly heterogeneous, with concentrations ranging from 0 to 1099 textpm 168 ppm. The $delta$15N values in mesostasis, olivine, and pyroxenevary between −36 textpm 50texttenthousand and +55 textpm 72texttenthousand, indicating that silicate phases in chondrules do not host particularly 15N-poor nitrogen},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cadoux_etal2018,

title = {The role of melt composition on aqueous fluid vs. silicate melt partitioning of bromine in magmas},

author = {A. Cadoux and G. Iacono-Marziano and B. Scaillet and A. Aiuppa and T. A. Mather and D. M. Pyle and E. Deloule and E. Gennaro and A. Paonita},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2018.06.038},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {498},

pages = {450--463},

abstract = {Volcanogenic halogens, in particular bromine, potentially play an important role in the ozone depletion of the atmosphere. Understanding bromine behaviour in magmas is therefore crucial to properly evaluate the contribution of volcanic eruptions to atmospheric chemistry and their environmental impact. To date, bromine partitioning between silicate melts and the gas phase is very poorly constrained, with the only relevant experimental studies limited to investigation of synthetic melt with silicic compositions. In this study, fluid/melt partitioning experiments were performed using natural silicate glasses with mafic, intermediate and silicic compositions. For each composition, experiments were run with various Br contents in the initial fluid (H2O--NaBr), at T--P conditions representative of shallow magmatic reservoirs in volcanic arc contexts (100--200 MPa, 900--1200thinspacetextdegreeC). The resulting fluid/melt partition coefficients (DBrf/m) are : 5.0 textpm 0.3 at 1200thinspacetextdegreeC--100 MPa for the basalt, 9.1 textpm 0.6 at 1060thinspacetextdegreeC--200 MPa for the andesite and 20.2 textpm 1.2 at 900thinspacetextdegreeC--200 MPa for the rhyodacite. Our experiments show that DBrf/m increases with increasing SiO2 content of the melt (as for chlorine) and suggest that it is also sensitive to melt temperature (increase of DBrf/m with decreasing temperature). We develop a simple model to predict the S--Cl--Br degassing behaviour in mafic systems, which accounts for the variability of S--Cl--Br compositions of volcanic gases from Etna and other mafic systems, and shows that coexisting magmatic gas and melt evolve from S-rich to Cl--Br enriched (relative to S) upon increasing degree of degassing. We also report first Br contents for melt inclusions from Etna, Stromboli, Merapi and Santorini eruptions and calculate the mass of bromine available in the magma reservoir prior to the eruptions under consideration. The discrepancy that we highlight between the mass of Br in the co-existing melt and fluid prior to the Merapi 2010 eruption (433 and 73 tons, respectively) and the lack of observed BrO (from space) hints at the need to investigate further Br speciation in textquoteleftash-richtextquoteright volcanic plumes. Overall, our results suggest that the Br yield into the atmosphere of cold and silicic magmas will be much larger than that from hotter and more mafic magmas.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bosia_etal2018,

title = {U-series disequilibria in minerals from Gandak River sediments (Himalaya)},

author = {C. Bosia and F. Chabaux and E. Pelt and A. Cogez and P. Stille and E. Deloule and C. France-Lanord},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.11.026},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {477},

number = {22-34},

abstract = {The impact of mineralogical sorting on U-Th-Ra variations observed for the Ganga sediments in the Himalayan alluvial plain due to transport and deposition processes highlights the importance to better understand the U-series isotopic system in Himalayan minerals. For this purpose, U, Th, and Ra concentrations, along with 238U--234U--230Th--226Ra radioactive disequilibria, were measured in several pure mineral fractions, i.e. monazite, zircon, titanite, ilmenite, rutile, garnet, magnetite, quartz, biotite and muscovite, separated from one bank sediment of the Gandak River (Ganga Basin). The data, obtained through a double digestion protocol in high pressure and high-temperature vessels, confirm that U and Th concentrations and isotopic ratios of the sediments are mainly influenced by a few minor mineral species that are very enriched in U and Th, namely, monazite, titanite and epidote, as well as major minerals with lower U and Th concentrations, such as quartz. More importantly, the data clearly indicate that, similarly to whole rock samples, the U-Th-Ra systematics of individual minerals have likely recorded complex U-Th-Ra fractionations. In particular, the 226Ra enrichment observed in the biotite and clay fractions likely results from the affinity of Ra for phyllosilicate minerals, while the 230Th and, to a lesser extent the 234U enrichment observed for the other minerals might result from a nuclide adsorption process on the Fe-oxide coatings present on the grains or directly on the mineral surface. The linear trend outlined by the minerals phases in the (226Ra/230Th) vs (230Th/234U) diagram suggests that 230Th is probably mobilized from zircons, the only fraction presenting (230Th/234U) \< 1, and from monazites, and redistributed among the all minerals during weathering. Such a scenario suggest that zircon weathering, evidenced in this study, must have been very recent, estimated\< 2000 years by a modeling approach, including simulation of nuclides mobility by alpha-recoil ejection and loss and gain processes.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bonnetti_etal2018,

title = {The genesis of granite-related hydrothermal uranium deposits in the Xiazhuang and Zhuguang ore fi elds, North Guangdong Province, SE China: Insights from mineralogical, trace elements and U-Pb isotopes signatures of the U mineralisation},

author = {C. Bonnetti and X. Liu and J. Mercadier and M. Cuney and E. Deloule and J. Villeneuve and W. Liu},

doi = {https://doi.o10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.12.010},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Ore Geology Reviews},

volume = {92},

pages = {588--612},

abstract = {Granite-related hydrothermal U deposits from the Xiazhuang and Zhuguang ore fields are located within the Nanling Metallogenic Belt in South China. These deposits are hosted in Triassic and Jurassic granites that were emplaced during the Indosinian orogeny and the Yanshanian post-orogenic extension. Four main types of granitic host rocks were identified based on geochemical characteristics as the most favourable sources of U for the mineralisation in the district : (i-ii) Indosinian peraluminous S-type (Maofeng) and L-type leucogranite (Baishuizhai) ; (iii) Indosinian highly fractionated high-K calc-alkaline A2-type granite (Xiazhuang, Maofeng and Youdong) and (iv) early Yanshanian highly fractionated high-K, (Fe) calc-alkaline A2-type granite (Sundong, Siqian and Changjiang). They contain high U concentrations ranging from 15 to 28 ppm indicating the crystallisation of uraninite, which is a source of U easily leachable by oxidised fluids for the formation of hydrothermal mineralisation.This study characterises the mineralogical, chemical and isotopic signatures of the U mineralisation from five representative deposits and occurrences in the Xiazhuang (Baishuizhai, Shituling, Xiwang and Xianshi) and Zhuguang (Mianhuakeng) ore fields. The 175 textpm 16 Ma Baishuizhai occurrence and 162 textpm 27 Ma Shituling deposit represent an early stage of U mineralisation (175--145 Ma) that occurred during the early Yanshanian. Disseminated Th-bearing uraninite at Baishuizhai and the association of U oxides with alteration minerals such as epidote and chlorite in both Baishuizhai and Shituling indicate temperatures \>250 textdegreeC for the hydrothermal system. The early Yanshanian granites (190--150 Ma) provided the heat source and magmatic fluids to the hydrothermal system while U-rich Indosinian granites provided U for the Zr-Th-Ta-bearing U mineralisation. In contrast, the mineralisation from Xiwang, Mianhuakeng and Xianshi deposits (107 textpm 16, 93 textpm 15 and 79 textpm 11 Ma, respectively) represent several pulses of the main mineralisation stage (110--50 Ma) that occurred during the late Yanshanian crustal extension. The mineralisation occurred at relatively low temperatures (\<250 textdegreeC) as W-Y-Nb-Ti-rich pitchblende and uraninite veins associated with quartz, fluorite, calcite and pyrite. During Cretaceous-early Cenozoic crustal extension, oxidising meteoric and/or basinal waters percolated downward into the granitic basement through deep faults and mixed with CO2-rich magmatic fluids. These thermal solutions circulated along opening fractures and leached U from Indosinian and early Yanshanian U-rich granites and also possibly from early Yanshanian U mineralisation. After heating, the ore-forming fluids ascended along structures leading to the decrease of the hydrostatic fluid pressure, which promoted the deposition of U in veins. Therefore, granite-related hydrothermal U mineralisation in the province, formed over a long time span (\>100 Ma) in two major stages related to different genetic conditions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ballouard_etal2018,

title = {Uranium metallogenesis of the peraluminous leucogranite from the Pontivy-Rostrenen magmatic complex (French Armorican Variscan belt): the result of long-term oxidized hydrothermal alteration during strike-slip deformation},

author = {C. Ballouard and M. Poujol and J. Mercadier and E. Deloule and P. Boulvais and J. M. Baele and M. Cuney and M. Cathelineau},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-017-0761-5},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

volume = {53},

number = {5},

pages = {601--628},

abstract = {In the French Armorican Variscan belt, most of the economically significant hydrothermal U deposits are spatially associated with peraluminous leucogranites emplaced along the south Armorican shear zone (SASZ), a dextral lithospheric scale wrench fault that recorded ductile deformation from ca. 315 to 300 Ma. In the Pontivy-Rostrenen complex, a composite intrusion, the U mineralization is spatially associated with brittle structures related to deformation along the SASZ. In contrast to monzogranite and quartz monzodiorite (3 \< U \< 9 ppm; Th/U \> 3), the leucogranite samples are characterized by highly variable U contents (textasciitildethinspace3 to 27 ppm) and Th/U ratios (textasciitildethinspace0.1 to 5) suggesting that the crystallization of magmatic uranium oxide in the more evolved facies was followed by uranium oxide leaching during hydrothermal alteration and/or surface weathering. U-Pb dating of uranium oxides from the deposits reveals that they mostly formed between ca. 300 and 270 Ma. In monzogranite and quartz monzodiorite, apatite grains display magmatic textures and provide U-Pb ages of ca. 315 Ma reflecting the time of emplacement of the intrusions. In contrast, apatite grains from the leucogranite display textural, geochemical, and geochronological evidences for interaction with U-rich oxidized hydrothermal fluids contemporaneously with U mineralizing events. From 300 to 270 Ma, infiltration of surface-derived oxidized fluids leached magmatic uranium oxide from fertile leucogranite and formed U deposits. This phenomenon was sustained by brittle deformation and by the persistence of thermal anomalies associated with U-rich granitic bodies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Balcone-Boissard_etal2018,

title = {Deep pre-eruptive storage of silicic magmas feeding Plinian and dome-forming eruptions of central and northern Dominica (Lesser Antilles) inferred from volatile contents of melt inclusions},

author = {H. Balcone-Boissard and G. Boudon and J. D. Blundy and C. Martel and R. A. Brooker and E. Deloule and C. Solaro and V. Matjuschkin},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-018-1528-4},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {173},

pages = {101},

abstract = {Volatiles contribute to magma ascent through the sub-volcanic plumbing system. Here, we investigate melt inclusion compositions in terms of major and trace elements, as well as volatiles (H2O, CO2, SO2, F, Cl, Br, S) for Quaternary Plinian and dome-forming dacite and andesite eruptions in the central and the northern part of Dominica (Lesser Antilles arc). Melt inclusions, hosted in orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase are consistently rhyolitic. Post-entrapment crystallisation effects are limited, and negligible in orthopyroxene-hosted inclusions. Melt inclusions are among the most water-rich yet recorded (≤thinspace8 wt% H2O). CO2 contents are generally low (\<thinspace650 ppm), although in general the highest pressure melt inclusion contain the highest CO2. Some low-pressure (\<thinspace3 kbars) inclusions have elevated CO2 (up to 1100--1150 ppm), suggestive of fluxing of shallow magmas with CO2-rich fluids. CO2-trace element systematics indicate that melts were volatile-saturated at the time of entrapment and can be used for volatile-saturation barometry. The calculated pressure range (0.8--7.5 kbars) indicates that magmas originate from a vertically-extensive (3--27 km depth) storage zone within the crust that may extend to the sub-Dominica Moho (28 km). The vertically-extensive crustal system is consistent with mush models for sub-volcanic arc crust wherein mantle-derived mafic magmas undergo differentiation over a range of crustal depths. The other volatile range of composition for melt inclusions from the central part is F (75--557 ppm), Cl (1525--3137 ppm), Br (6.1--15.4 ppm) and SO2 (\<thinspace140 ppm), and for the northern part ittextquoterights F (92--798 ppm), Cl (1506--4428 ppm), Br (not determined) and SO2 (\<thinspace569; one value at 1015 ppm). All MIs, regardless of provenance, describe the same Cl/F correlation (8.3thinspacetextpmthinspace2.7), indicating that the magma source at depth is similar. The high H2O content of Dominica magmas has implications for hazard assessment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rossi_etal2017,

title = {Isotopic and geochemical constraints on lead and fluid sources of the Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization in the polymetallic Tighza-Jbel Aouam district (central Morocco), and relationships with the geodynamic context},

author = {M. Rossi and D. Gasquet and A. Cheilletz and L. Tarrieu and H. Bounajma and T. Mantoy and L. Reisberg and E. Deloule and P. Boulvais and P. Burnard},

doi = {10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.08.011},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {127},

pages = {194--210},

abstract = {The WAu, PbZnAg, and SbBa mineralizations of the polymetallic Tighza-Jbel Aouam district (central Meseta, Morocco), are hosted in Paleozoic rocks surrounding late-Carboniferous granitic stocks. The PbZnAg Tighza deposit formed at 254 textpm 16 Ma, and is clearly disconnected from the late-Variscan WAu deposit (295-280 Ma). The PbZnAg mineralization precipitated from a complex hydrothermal fluid. It displays air-normalized 3He/4He ratio (0.018--0.103) typical of the upper crust. This crustal component is confirmed by the oxygen and carbon isotope compositions ($delta$18O = +19 to +25texttenthousand ; $delta$13C = −3.6 to −11.2texttenthousand) and the ɛNd values (−4.84 to −9.01) of gangue carbonates, which show mixing of (i) fluids that have interacted with late-Carboniferous magmatic rocks, and (ii) fluids in equilibrium with the Paleozoic metasediments. In addition, the PbZnAg mineralization has 40Ar/36Ar values in the range 284--315 typical of a meteoric fluid. The radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions (207Pb/204Pb = 15.70--15.80 and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.30--18.50) suggest leaching of Pb from the surrounding Paleozoic metasediments and late-Variscan granites, whereas the low radiogenic signatures (207Pb/204Pb = 15.40 and 206Pb/204Pb = 18.05) provide evidence of a deeper source attributed to the lower crust.Crustal thinning related to extensional tectonics in late-Permian and Early-Triassic lead to high-K calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatic activity, which is evidenced by a dense SW-NE-trending dike network that pre-dated the Atlantic Ocean opening (early Liassic times). This magmatic event induced a regional heat flux increase that triggered the circulation of a complex hydrothermal fluid, which has a strong crustal component, but also a meteoric and a lower crustal components. The polymetallic district of Tighza-Jbel Aouam thus results from superposition of an intrusion related porphyry-gold mineralization (WAu, 286 Ma) followed by a PbZnAg epithermal mineralization (254 Ma), during two distinct magmatic-hydrothermal events.The proposed metallogenic model for the PbZnAg Tighza-Jbel Aouam deposit provides new constraints for the PbZnAg exploration in the Moroccan Meseta. Exploration targets must take into account the following geological features : (i) Permo-triassic high-K calk-alkaline to alkaline dikes, (ii) extensional tectonics and reactivation of ancient crust-scale faults and shear zones, and (iii) Paleozoic series containing organic matter (e.g., black shales) subjected to low grade metamorphism (e.g., greenschist facies).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu_etal2017,

title = {Dynamic contribution of recycled components from the subducted Pacific slab: Oxygen isotopic composition of the basalts from 106thinspaceMa to 60thinspaceMa in North China Craton},

author = {J. Liu and Z. Z. Wang and H. R. Yu and Q. K. Xia and E. Deloule and M. Feng},

doi = {10.1002/2016JB013156},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research ?\u{I} Solid Earth},

abstract = {How the materials derived from the stagnant Pacific slab contributed to the mantle sources of the mafic rocks in east China is still in hot debate. In this work, $delta$18O (Vienna standard mean ocean water) values of clinopyroxene phenocrysts in the oceanic island basalts (OIB)‐type mafic rocks from 106thinspaceMa to 60thinspaceMa in the east North China Craton (NCC) were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. Our data show that for all of the samples, the $delta$18Ocpx are dominantly higher than that of the clinopyroxene from normal mid‐oceanic ridge basalt (5.4--5.8texttenthousand), which confirms the role of recycled oceanic crust (ROC) in their mantle sources. Combining the $delta$18O data of basalts and the lithospheric mantle in the literature, we found that in the southeast NCC, upper and lower ROC components alternately appeared in the mantle sources of basalts, but these ROC components are consistently different from that in the lithospheric mantle, while in the northern NCC, the recycled components in the sources seem to be persistently from upper ROC. These observations suggest that (1) these mafic OIB‐type rocks are most likely derived from the convective asthenosphere and (2) the contribution of components from the Pacific oceanic slab into the NCC upper mantle was dynamic, without a simple temporal trend. This new knowledge calls for the reconsideration of the existing models of the thinning process of the NCC lithospheric mantle, and it warns against simply using the chemical composition of basalts to infer the evolution of lithosphere.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Florentin_etal2017,

title = {Origin of Na in glass inclusions hosted in olivine from Allende CV3 and Jbilet Winselwan CM2: Implications for chondrule formation},

author = {L. Florentin and F. Faure and E. Deloule and L. Tissandier and A. Gurenko and D. Lequin},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.038},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {474},

pages = {160--171},

abstract = {Glass inclusions trapped in Mg-rich olivines within type I chondrules from the Allende (CV3) and Jbilet Winselwan (CM2) chondrites were analyzed by EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalysis) for major elements and by SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) for Cl and S (analyzed here for the first time in chondrule-hosted glass inclusions). The inclusions from Jbilet Winselwan are poor in Na2O, whereas those from Allende are Na-rich, displaying up to 8wt.% Na2O. The source of Na is a central issue in terms of chondrule origins because of the volatility of Na at high temperature. The wide scatter in Na2O contents of olivine-hosted glass inclusions from chondrules has led the community to propose that Na2O came from late interactions of chondrules with a Si/Na-rich gas. To gain new insights into the origins of the Na2O recorded in glass inclusions, heating experiments (up to 1810◦C) were performed on Allende inclusions in an effort to constrain the initial composition of the trapped melts. Our results demonstrate that sodium (although volatile) does not escape from inclusions during heating, thus confirming that glass inclusions behave as closed systems. Furthermore, heated olivines still bear inclusions containing up to 7.2wt.% of Na2O. Olivines are thought to form at temperatures at which Na is volatile. This implies that (1) Na from glass inclusions cannot come from condensation but rather results from trapping in a Na-rich environment, which implies a high pressure, as in a melting planetasimal (2) there may be two distinct origins for the sodium: an indigenous origin for the sodium trapped inside glass inclusions and a gaseous origin for the sodium recorded in mesostasis from chondrules. Consequently, these results are in favor of a planetesimal origin for olivine from chondrules.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fri_etal2017,

title = {The production rate of cosmogenic deuterium at the Moontextquoterights surface},

author = {E. F\"{u}ri and E. Deloule and R. Trappitsch},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2017.05.042},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {474},

pages = {76--82},

abstract = {The hydrogen (D/H) isotope ratio is a key tracer for the source of planetary water. However, secondary processes such as solar wind implantation and cosmic ray induced spallation reactions have modified the primordial D/H signature of textquoteleftwatertextquoteright in all rocks and soils recovered on the Moon. Here, we re-evaluate the production rate of cosmogenic deuterium (D) at the Moontextquoterights surface through ion microprobe analyses of hydrogen isotopes in olivines from eight Apollo 12 and 15 mare basalts. These in situ measurements are complemented by CO2laser extraction-static mass spectrometry analyses of cosmogenic noble gas nuclides (3He, 21Ne, 38Ar). Cosmic ray exposure (CRE) ages of the mare basalts, derived from their cosmogenic 21Ne content, range from 60 to 422 Ma. These CRE ages are 35% higher, on average, than the published values for the same samples. The amount of D detected in the olivines increases linearly with increasing CRE ages, consistent with a production rate of (2.17 textpm0.11) texttimes10−12mol(g rock)−1Ma−1. This value is more than twice as high as previous estimates for the production of D by galactic cosmic rays, indicating that for water-poor lunar samples, i.e., samples with water concentrations ≤50 ppm, corrected D/H ratios have been severely overestimated},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Erdmann_etal2017,

title = {Trace elements in anatectic products at the roof of mid-ocean ridge magma chambers: An experimental study},

author = {M. Erdmann and L. France and L. A. Fischer and E. Deloule and J. Koepke},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.03.004},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {456},

pages = {43--57},

abstract = {At fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges (MORs), the horizon between the axial melt lens (AML) and the overlying sheeted dikes is characterized by extensive anatectic processes. The heat flux of the AML in combination with hydrothermal fluids from above causes high-grade contact metamorphism,which may result in anatexis of the roof rocks above the AML. The products of this process are silica-rich anatectic melts that have the potential to contaminate MOR basalts and residual hornfels. Here, we simulate the complex igneous and metamorphic processes occurring at the AML roof by hydrous partial melting experiments and provide corresponding trace element partition coefficients between melt and residues, which are useful to quantify those processes. We present trace element patterns from experimental anatectic felsic melts and the related residue produced by hydrous partial meltingof various types of AML roof rocks. The starting materials used are sheeted dikes and hornfelses from Hole 1256D drilled by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. Results are compared with directly-related natural lithologies (i.e., felsic veins and granoblastic hornfels) from the same site. The trace element contents generally overlap with natural examples and experimental melts produced at low water activity (aH2O\<0.5) can be highly enriched in trace elements despite relatively low SiO2 contents (58.9 to 65.7 wt%). A low aH2O is required to reproduce the low Al2O3 contents observed in natural silica-rich rocks. However, low aH2O implies that the presence of residual amphibole is not required for anatectic processes Even though residual amphibole is often used as an importantphase for explaining trace element characteristics in relevant felsic rocks formed at MORs when modeling anatexis. Because amphibole is lacking in any experimental residue, which is in agreement with natural hornfelses from thedike/gabbro transition at Site 1256, we assume that partial melting within the AML roof rocks proceeds without the participation of amphibole as residual phase. We present a comprehensive set of trace element compositions as well as bulk and mineral/melt trace element partition coefficients obtained from our amphibole-free experimental results for different potential protoliths over a large range of temperature and at different aH2Os.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ElKorh_etal2017_2,

title = {Iron isotope fractionation in subduction‑related high‑pressure metabasites (Ile de Groix, France)},

author = {A. El Korh and B. Luais and E. Deloule and D. Cividini},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-017-1357-x},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {172},

pages = {41},

abstract = {Characterisation of mass transfer during subduction is fundamental to understand the origin of compositional heterogeneities in the upper mantle. Fe isotopes weremeasured in high-pressure/low-temperature metabasites (blueschists, eclogites and retrograde greenschists) from the Ile de Groix (France), a Variscan high-pressure terrane, to determine if the subducted oceanic crust contributes to mantle Fe isotope heterogeneities. The metabasites have $delta$56Fe values of +0.16 to +0.33texttenthousand, which are heavier than typical values of MORB and OIB, indicating that theirbasaltic protolith derives from a heavy-Fe mantle source. The $delta$56Fe correlates well with Y/Nb and (La/Sm)PM ratios, which commonly fractionate during magmatic processes, highlighting variations in the magmatic protolith composition. In addition, the shift of $delta$56Fe by +0.06 to 0.10texttenthousand compared to basalts may reflect hydrothermal alteration prior to subduction. The $delta$56Fe decrease from blueschists(+0.19 textpm 0.03 to +0.33 textpm 0.01texttenthousand) to eclogites (+0.16 textpm 0.02 to +0.18 textpm 0.03texttenthousand) reflects small variations in the protolith composition, rather than Fe fractionation during metamorphism: newly-formed Fe-rich minerals allowed preserving bulk rock Fe compositions during metamorphic reactions and hampered any Fe isotope fractionation. Greenschists have $delta$56Fe values (+0.17 textpm 0.01 to+0.27 textpm 0.02texttenthousand) similar to high-pressure rocks. Hence, metasomatism related to fluids derived from the subducted hydrothermally altered metabasites might only have a limited effect on mantle Fe isotope composition under subsolidus conditions, owing to the large stability of Fe-rich minerals and low mobility of Fe. Subsequent melting of the heavy-Fe metabasites at deeper levels is expected to generate mantle Fe isotope heterogeneities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ElKorh_etal2017,

title = {Investigation of Ge and Ga exchange behaviour and Ge isotopic fractionation during subduction zone metamorphism},

author = {A. El Korh and B. Luais and M. C. Boiron and E. Deloule and D. Cividini},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.11.017},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {449},

pages = {165--181},

abstract = {Germanium(Ge) and gallium(Ga) are slightly to moderately incompatible trace elements during magmatic processes and may be indicators of the nature of the mantle source. Because of their solubility in fluids, Ge and Ga are also geochemical tracers of various hydrothermal processes. Understanding high-pressure/low-temperature (HP--LT) recycling processes of Ge and Ga through fluid-mediated mass transfers in subduction zones can then allow discussing whether they can be source of geochemical heterogeneities in the mantle wedge. We have analysed Ge and Ga abundances and Ge isotope composition of a series of well-characterised HP--LT metabasites of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) affinity and pelitic micaschists fromthe Ile de Groix (France), to determine Ge and Ga behaviour and Ge isotope fractionation during subduction zone metamorphism(SZM). Metabasites have Ge and Ga contents of 1.2--2.1 ppm and 17--22 ppm, respectively, typical of tholeiitic basalts. Garnet-bearing blueschists and eclogites have $delta$74Ge values (+0.42 to +0.65texttenthousand) similar within error to that of tholeiitic basalts (+0.55 to +0.57texttenthousand ; Luais, 2012). Our study shows that during the prograde metamorphism, Ge and Ga abundances and $delta$74Ge values do not vary from blueschists to eclogites, owing to the large stability field of Ge- and Ga-hosting minerals (epidote, garnet, titanite, amphiboles and omphacite) under varying P--T conditions. During the retrograde metamorphism, the slight decrease of the Ga content of c. 8% in greenschists (19 textpm 1 ppm ; 2$sigma$) compared to HP rocks (21 textpm 1 ppm ; 2$sigma$) suggests Ga loss during retrogression, whereas Ge abundances remain within the same range as blueschists and eclogites. In the garnet-bearing greenschists (early stages of retrogression), the $delta$74Ge values (+0.38 to +0.49texttenthousand) remain similar within error to HP rocks. However, albite- and calcite-bearing greenschists have higher $delta$74Ge values (+0.84 to +0.98texttenthousand), showing evidence of Ge fractionation under intensive fluidrock interactions (late stage of retrogression). Micaschists have Ge and Ga abundances within the same range as continental crust and schists. Their variations in $delta$74Ge (+0.29 to+0.70texttenthousand) reflect variations in the sedimentary source and protolith composition. The relatively small variation of $delta$74Ge values inmetabasites compared tomantle rocks implies that the subducted oceanic crust cannot trigger Ge isotopic heterogeneities in the mantle through fluid-induced metasomatism or recycling in the deep mantle. However, during the late stages of retrogression, migration of oxidising fluids along the crust-mantle wedge may be responsible for a resolvable increase of the $delta$74Ge value of the mantle wedge along the subduction channel. Besides, the larger range of Ge concentrations and $delta$74Ge values in the micaschists suggests that recycling of subducted sediments may generate mantle Ge elemental and isotopic heterogeneities.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chevreux_etal2017,

title = {Hafnium solubility determination in soda-lime aluminosilicate glass},

author = {P. Chevreux and A. Laplace and E. Deloule and L. Tissandier and N. Massoni},

doi = {10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.11.009},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids},

volume = {457},

pages = {13--24},

abstract = {The solubility of hafnium dioxide (HfO2), used as a surrogate for tetravalent uranium, is measured in glass melts belonging to the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 and Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 systems, under oxidizing and reducing conditions. Two methods have been carried out to determine it and the kinetic factors controlling the HfO2 dissolution in glass melt have been investigated in order to approach equilibrium. The solubility ranges from 3 to 6.5 mol% HfO2 in aluminosilicate glasses at temperature between 1250 textdegreeC and 1400 textdegreeC, and is not affected by the redox conditions. Conversely, the solubility is modified by the melting temperature and the glass composition. The excess of alkalis or alkaline earths which are not involved in the charge balance of AlO4 tetrahedrons in the silica network appears to play a significant role. Glass homogeneity is checked by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. HfO2, HfSiO4, Ca2HfSi4O12, Na4Hf2(SiO4)3 and Na2HfSi2O7 are metastable crystals observed in the glass melts. The stability of those crystalline phases mainly depends on the glass composition.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chen_etal2017_2,

title = {Typical oxygen profile of altered oceanic crust recorded in continental intraplate basalts},

author = {H. Chen and Q. K. Xia and E. Deloule and J. Ingrin},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Earth Science},

volume = {28},

pages = {578--587},

abstract = {Recycled oceanic crust (ROC) has long been suggested to be a candidate introducing enriched geochemical signatures into the mantle source of intraplate basalts. The different parts of oceanic crust are characterized by variable oxygen isotope compositions ($delta$18O=3.7texttenthousand to 13.6texttenthousand). To trace the signatures of ROC in the mantle source of intraplate basalts, we measured the $delta$18O values of clinopyroxene (cpx) phenocrysts in the Cenozoic basalts from the Shuangliao volcanic field, NE China using secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS). The $delta$18O values of the Shuangliao cpx phenocrysts in four basalts ranging from 4.10texttenthousand to 6.73texttenthousand (with average values 5.93texttenthousandtextpm0.36texttenthousand, 5.95texttenthousandtextpm0.30texttenthousand, 5.58texttenthousandtextpm0.66texttenthousand, and 4.55texttenthousandtextpm 0.38texttenthousand, respectively) apparently exceed those of normal mantle-derived cpx (5.6texttenthousandtextpm0.2texttenthousand) and fall in the typical oxygen isotope range of altered oceanic crust. The $delta$18O values display the negative correlations with the Eu, Sr anomalies of whole rocks and erupted ages, demonstrating that (1) the ROC is the main enriched component in the mantle source of the Shuangliao basalts and (2) the contributions of ROC varied with time. The basalt with the lowest $delta$18O value is characterized by a significant K positive anomaly, highest H2O/Ce and Ba/Th ratios, suggesting that the mantle source of basalts with low $delta$18O can also include a water-rich sediment component that may be the trigger for partial melting. Considering the continuous subduction of the Pacific slab, the temporal heterogeneity of the source components is likely to be caused by the Pacific slab subduction.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chen_etal2017,

title = {Heterogeneous source components of intraplate basalts from NE China induced by the ongoing Pacific slab subduction},

author = {H. Chen and Q. Xia and J. Ingrin and E. Deloule and Y. Bi},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.030},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {459},

pages = {208--220},

abstract = {The subduction of oceanic slabs is widely accepted to be a main reason for chemical heterogeneities in the mantle. However, determining the contributions of slabs in areas that have experienced multiple subduction events is often difficult due to possible overlapping imprints. Understanding the temporal and spatial variations of source components for widespread intraplate small volume basalts in eastern China may be a basis for investigating the influence of the subducted Pacific slab, which has long been postulated but never confirmed. For this purpose, we investigated the Chaihe-aershan volcanic field (including more than 35 small-volume Quaternary basaltic volcanoes) in NE China and measured the oxygen isotopes and water content of clinopyroxene (cpx) phenocrysts using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The water content of magma was then estimated based on the partition coefficient of H2O between cpx and the basaltic melt. The $delta$18O of cpx phenocrysts (4.28texttenthousand to 8.57texttenthousand) and H2O content of magmas (0.19 wt.%--2.70 wt.%) show large variations, reflecting the compositional heterogeneity of the mantle source. The $delta$18O values and H2O content within individual samples also display considerable variation, suggesting the mixing of magmas and that the magma mixing occurred shortly before the eruption. The relation between the $delta$18O values of cpx phenocrysts and the H2O/Ce ratio, Ba/Th ratio and Eu anomaly of whole rocks demonstrates the contributions of three components to the mantle source (hydrothermally altered upper oceanic crust and marine sediments, altered lower gabbroic oceanic crust, and ambient mantle). The proportions of these three components have varied widely over time (�`u1.37 Ma to �`u0.25 Ma). The Pacific slab is constantly subducted under eastern Asia and continuously transports recycled materials to the deep mantle. The temporal heterogeneity of the source components may be caused by ongoing Pacific slab subduction. Combined with other basalt localities in eastern China (Shuangliao basalts, Taihang basalts and Shangdong basalts), the contributions of recycled oceanic components in their mantle source are heterogeneous. This spatial heterogeneity of mantle sources may be induced by variable alterations and dehydration during the recycling process of the Pacific slab. Our results show that the source components of Cenozoic intraplate small-volume basalts in eastern China are temporally and spatially heterogeneous, which is likely induced by the ongoing subduction of the Pacific slab. This demonstrates that integrating the temporal variations in geochemical characteristics and tectonic history of a study region can identify the subducted oceanic plate that induced enriched components in the mantle source of intraplate basalts.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cadoux_etal2017,

title = {A new set of standards for in -- situ measurement of bromine abundances in natural silicate glasses: Application to SR-XRF, LA-ICP-MS and SIMS techniques},

author = {A. Cadoux and G. Iacono-Marziano and A. Paonita and E. Deloule and A. Aiuppa and G. N. Eby and M. Costa and L. Brusca and K. Berlo and K. Geraki and T. A. Mather and D. M. Pyle and I. Di Carlo},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2017.01.012},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {452},

pages = {60--70},

abstract = {Measuring the low bromine abundances in Earthtextquoterights materials remains an important challenge in order to constrain the geodynamical cycle of this element. Suitable standard materials are therefore required to establish reliable analytical methods to quantify Br abundances. In this study we characterise 21 Br-doped glasses synthesized from natural volcanic rocks of mafic to silicic compositions, in order to produce a new set of standards for Br analyses using various techniques. The nominal Br contents (amounts of Br loaded in the experimental samples) of 15 of 21 glasses were confirmed within 20% by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Using this new set of standards, we compare three micro-analytical approaches to measure Br contents in silicate glasses : synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF), laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). With SR-XRF, the Br contents of the standard glasses were determined with the highest accuracy (\< 10% for Br �W 10 ppm ; \> 25% for Br ≤ 5 ppm), and high precision (\< 10% for Br contents \> 10 ppm ; 20--30% for Br ≤ 10 ppm). The detection limit was estimated to be \< 1 ppm Br. All those factors combined with a high spatial resolution (5 texttimes 5 $mu$m for the presented measurements), means that SR-XRF is well suited to determine the low Br abundance in natural volcanic glasses (crystal-hosted melt inclusions or matrix glasses of crystallized samples). At its current stage of development, the LA-ICP-MS method allows the measurement of hundreds to thousands ppm Br in silicate glasses with a precision and accuracy generally within 20%. The Br detection limit of this method has not been estimated but its low spatial resolution (90 $mu$m) currently prevents its use to characterise natural volcanic glasses, however it is fully appropriate to analyse super liquidus or sparsely phyric, Br-rich experimental charges. Our study shows that SIMS appears to be a promising technique to measure the low Br contents of natural volcanic glasses. Its spatial resolution is relatively good ( 15 $mu$m) and, similarly to SR-XRF, the detection limit is estimated to be ≤ 1 ppm. Using our new set of standards, the Br contents of two MPI-DING reference glasses containing ≤ 1.2 ppm of Br were reproduced with precision \< 5% and accuracy \< 20%. Moreover, SIMS presents the advantage of being a more accessible instrument than SR-XRF and data processing is more straightforward.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bonnetti_etal2017,

title = {Primary uranium sources for sedimentary-hosted uranium deposits in NE China: insight from basement igneous rocks of the Erlian Basin},

author = {C. Bonnetti and M. Cuney and S. Bourlange and E. Deloule and M. Poujol and X. Liu and Y. Peng and J. Yang},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-016-0661-0},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

volume = {52},

number = {3},

pages = {297--315},

abstract = {Carboniferous--Permian, Triassic and Jurassic igneous basement rocks around the Erlian Basin in northeast China have been investigated through detailed mineralogical, whole-rock geochemistry, geochronological data and Sm--Nd isotope studies. Carboniferous--Permian biotite granites and volcanic rocks belong to a calc-alkaline association and were emplaced during the Late Carboniferous--Early Permian (313thinspacetextpmthinspace1--286thinspacetextpmthinspace2 Ma). These rocks are characterised by positive $epsilon$Nd(t) (3.3--5.3) and fairly young T DM model ages (485--726 Ma), suggesting a dominant derivation from partial melting of earlier emplaced juvenile source rocks. Triassic biotite granites belong to a high-K calc-alkaline association and were emplaced during the Middle Triassic (243thinspacetextpmthinspace3--233thinspacetextpmthinspace2 Ma). Their negative $epsilon$Nd(t) (−2 to −0.1) and higher T DM model ages (703--893 Ma) suggest a contribution from Precambrian crust during the magma generation processes, leading to a strong enrichment in K and incompatible elements such as Th and U. Highly fractionated magmas crystallised in U-rich biotite (up to 21 ppm U) and two-mica granites. In biotite granite, the major U-bearing minerals are uranothorite and allanite. They are strongly metamict and the major part of their uranium (90 %) has been released from the mineral structure and was available for leaching. Mass balance calculations show that the Triassic biotite granites may have, at least, liberated �`u14,000 t U/km3 and thus correspond to a major primary uranium source for the U deposits hosted in the Erlian Basin.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Skirrow_etal2016,

title = {The Ranger uranium deposit, northern Australia: Timing constraints, regional and ore-related alteration, and genetic implications for unconformity-related mineralisation},

author = {R. G. Skirrow and J. Mercadier and R. Armstrong and T. Kuske and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.09.001},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Ore Geology Reviews},

volume = {76},

pages = {463--503},

abstract = {The Ranger 1 unconformity-related uranium deposit in the Northern Territory of Australia is one of the worldtextquoterights largest uranium deposits and has ranked in the top two Australian producers of uranium in recent years. Mineralisation at the Ranger, Jabiluka and other major unconformity-related deposits in the Alligator Rivers Uranium Field (ARUF) occurs in Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement rocks immediately beneath the unconformity with the Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic McArthur Basin.The sites of uranium mineralisation and associated alteration at the Ranger 1 deposit (Number 3 orebody) were fundamentally controlled by reactivated shear zones that were initiated during the regional Nimbuwah tectonothermal event. The timing of shearing at medium metamorphic grade was constrained by ion microprobe U--Pb dating of zircons in two pegmatites, one weakly foliated (1867.0 textpm 3.5 Ma) and another that is unfoliated and cuts the shear fabric (1862.8 textpm 3.4 Ma). The younger age of textasciitilde 1863 Ma represents the minimum age of D1 shearing during the Nimbuwah event at the Ranger 1 deposit (Number 3 orebody). Titanite within veins of amphibole-plagioclase-apatite yielded an ion microprobe U--Pb age of 1845.4 textpm 4.2 Ma, which represents a previously unrecognised hydrothermal event in the ARUF. Based on previous data, retrograde hydrothermal alteration during D2 reactivation of D1 shear zones is interpreted to have occurred at textasciitilde 1800 Ma during the regional Shoobridge tectonothermal event.Detailed paragenetic observations supported by whole-rock geochemical data from the Ranger 1 deposit (Number 3 orebody) reveal a sequence of post-D2 hydrothermal events, as follows. (1) Intense magnesium-rich chlorite alteration and brecciation, focussed within schists of the Upper Mine Sequence in the Cahill Formation. (2) Silicification of Lower Mine Sequence carbonate rock units and overlying schist units, comprising quartz textpm Mg-foitite (tourmaline) textpm muscovite textpm pyrite textpm marcasite, and rare uraninite (early U1). (3) Formation of main stage uranium ore and heterolithic breccias including clasts of olivine--phyric dolerite, with breccia matrix composed of uraninite (U1), Mg-chlorite textpm Mg-foitite and minor pyrite and chalcopyrite. (4) A second generation of uraninite (U2) veinlets with disordered graphitic carbon and quartz of hydrothermal origin. (5) Late-stage veinlets of massive uraninite (U3). As inferred in a previous study and confirmed herein, olivine--phyric dolerite dykes at Ranger are mineralised and chloritised, and are geochemically similar to the regional Oenpelli Dolerite. A maximum age for uranium mineralisation at the Ranger 1 deposit is therefore set by the age of the Oenpelli Dolerite (textasciitilde 1723 Ma).In-situ ion microprobe U--Pb analysis of texturally oldest U1 uraninite yielded a discordia array with a 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U upper intercept age of 1688 textpm 46 Ma. The oldest individual ion microprobe 207Pb--206Pb age is 1684 textpm 7 Ma whereas the oldest age determined by in-situ electron microprobe chemical dating of U1 uraninite is textasciitilde 1646 Ma. Another sample containing both U1 and U2 uraninite yielded discordant data with a 206Pb/238U--207Pb/235U upper intercept age of 1421 textpm 68 Ma. When the 207Pb/206Pb ages are considered the data are suggestive of U2 uraninite formation and possible resetting of the U1 age between textasciitilde 1420 Ma and textasciitilde 1040 Ma. All ion microprobe analyses of U1 and U2 uraninite indicate variable and possibly repeated lead loss. In contrast ion microprobe U--Pb dating of the third generation of uraninite (U3) yielded several near-concordant analyses and a 206Pb/238U--207Pb/235U upper intercept age of 474 textpm 6 Ma. This age is supported by electron microprobe chemical ages of U3 uraninite between 515 Ma and 385 Ma.The new results constrain the timing of initial uranium mineralisation at the Ranger 1 deposit (Number 3 orebody) to the period textasciitilde 1720 Ma to textasciitilde 1680 Ma, which just overlaps with a previous U--Pb age of 1737 textpm 20 Ma for uraninite-rich whole-rock samples. Our results are consistent with individual laser-ICPMS 207Pb/206Pb and chemical ages of uraninite as old as 1690--1680 Ma reported from other deposits and prospects in the ARUF.Whole-rock geochemical data in this study of the Ranger 1 deposit (Number 3 orebody) and in other studies in the ARUF demonstrate that zones of intense chloritisation associated with uranium mineralisation experienced large metasomatic gains of Mg, U, Co, Ni, Cu and S and losses of Si, Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, K, Rb, Y and the light REE. More broadly in the ARUF, a regionally extensive illite--hematite textpm kaolinite-bearing textquoteleftpaleoregolithtextquoteright zone in basement beneath the McArthur Basin exhibits depletion of about half of its uranium as well as major losses in Na, Sr, Pb, Ba and minor losses of Mg. These features together with new petrographic observations suggest this zone is a regional sub-McArthur Basin alteration zone produced by interaction with diagenetic or hydrothermal fluids of primary basinal origin, rather than representing a low-temperature paleo-weathering zone before the deposition of the McArthur Basin, as previously suggested.Based on these results and a synthesis of previous work, a new multi-stage model is proposed for the Ranger 1 ore-forming mineral system that may apply to other major unconformity-related uranium deposits in the ARUF and which may be used for targeting new deposits in the region. As in most recent models, oxidised diagenetic brines within the McArthur Basin are envisaged as crucial in mobilising uranium. However, a different architecture of fluid flow is proposed involving the sub-unconformity regional basement alteration zone as a preferential source of leached uranium. Possibly driven by convection during regional magmatism at textasciitilde 1725--1705 Ma, oxidised basinal brines were drawn downwards and laterally through fault networks and fractures in the regional sub-unconformity alteration zone, leaching uranium from hematite-altered basement rocks. Simultaneously within deeper and lateral parts of the hydrothermal system, Mg-metasomatism produced chloritic alteration and brines with increased acidity and silica content (from the desilicification of the basement rock), analogous to processes described in sub-seafloor hydrothermal systems. Silicification occurred locally (e.g., Ranger deposit) within upflow zones of convective systems due to decreases in temperature and/or pressure of the brines and/or CO2 generation during carbonate dissolution. Interruptions to convection during transient regional extensional or strike-slip tectonic events resulted in generalised lateral and downwards flow of fluids from the McArthur Basin through deepened zones of sub-unconformity alteration, transferring leached uranium into reactivated shear zones within the basement. The main stage of uraninite precipitation at the Ranger deposit and elsewhere in the ARUF is proposed to have occurred between textasciitilde 1720 Ma and textasciitilde 1680 Ma as a result of reduction of oxidised and evolved basin-derived ore fluids during reaction with pre-existing Fe2 +-bearing minerals and/or mixing of the ore fluids with basement-reacted silica-rich brines.A second, volumetrically minor but locally high-grade, stage of uraninite mineralisation was associated with hydrothermal disordered carbon and quartz of presently unknown origin. Available data suggest formation between textasciitilde 1420 Ma and textasciitilde 1040 Ma. Almost a billion years later at textasciitilde 475 Ma, fluids capable of mobilising uranium again resulted in uraninite (U3) deposition as sparse veinlets in the Ranger deposit, representing the first documentation of uranium mineralisation of this age in the region.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Liu_etal2016,

title = {Continuous supply of recycled Pacific oceanic materials in the source of Cenozoic basalts in SE China: the Zhejiang case},

author = {S. C. Liu and Q. K. Xia and S. H. Choi and E. Deloule and P. Li and J. Liu},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-016-1310-4},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {171},

pages = {100},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kovacs_etal2016,

title = {Water concentrations and hydrogen isotope compositions of alkaline basalt hosted clinopyroxene megacrysts and amphibole clinopyroxenites: the role of structural hydroxyl groups and molecular water},

author = {I. Kovacs and A. Dem\'{e}ny and G. Czuppon and C. L\'{e}cuyer and F. Fourel and Q. K. Xia and L. Jiang and Z. Pinter and E. Kiraly and K. Torok and A. Szabo and E. Deloule and F. T. Falus and Z. Zajacz and J. S. Kovacs and B. Udvardi},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-016-1241-0},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {171},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gu_etal2016,

title = {Multi-stage metasomatism revealed by trace element and Li isotope distributions in minerals of peridotite xenoliths from All`egre volcano (French Massif Central)},

author = {X. Gu and E. Deloule and L. France and J. Ingrin},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2016.07.019},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {264},

pages = {158--174},

abstract = {The modal, chemical, and isotopic compositions of mantle peridotite are largely modified by metasomatic processes, which may affect them repeatedly. Xenoliths are commonly used to characterize those metasomatic processes along with the structure, and chemical and isotopic compositions of mantle domains. Nevertheless, the original mantle signatures born by mantle xenoliths are potentially obscured by the interactions occurring between the hostmagma and the xenolith itself. Here we attempt to identify to which degree the original Li content and isotopic composition, as well as other trace element contents of mantle xenoliths, can be modified by interaction with the host magma. Peridotite xenoliths that have suffered extensive exchange with the entraining magma were sampled in the solidified lava lake of All`egre, Southern French Massif Central, in order to decipher the signature related to peridotite-melt interaction, and to further unravel the evolution of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle. In-situ trace element analyses of clinopyroxene (Cpx) were performed via LA--ICP-- MS, and the Li content and isotopic composition of pyroxene and olivine (Ol) via SIMS. Negative HFSE anomalies (Ti/Eu ratios as low as 437) and markedly high LREE/HREE ratios ((La/Yb) N as high as 79) are characteristic of mantle metasomatism at depth. Lithium isotope systematics indicates that at least two different metasomatic events affected the peridotite. Exceptionally high Li contents in Cpx (up to 50 ppm) and slight Li enrichment of Ol rims are ascribed to diffusive Li in flux with a positive $delta$7 Li value (+3.2texttenthousand) from the host magma after entrain- ment. Conversely, Ol cores preserve extremely light Li isotopic compositions ($delta$7 Li as low as − 25 texttenthousand )with high Li contents (up to 4.4 ppm) compared to normal mantle, indicating a metasomatic event that occurred before xenolith entrainment. The negative $delta$7 Li signature of this early metasomatism may be related to subduction-related fluids released during the Variscan orogeny. Trace element distributions in minerals reveal that the HFSE and REE composition of Cpx and the negative $delta$7 Li signature in Ol cores were not acquired simultaneously. Therefore at least three successive metasomatic events affected the Allegre peridotites, as revealed through the use of detailed in-situ Li isotopic analyses to trace melt-rock interactions},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fischer_etal2016,

title = {Trace element evidence for anatexis at oceanic magma chamber roofs and the role of partial melts for contamination of fresh MORB},

author = {LA. Fischer and M. Erdmann and L. France and P. E. Wolff and E. Deloule and C. Zhang and M. Godard and J. Koepke},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2016.05.001},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {260},

pages = {1--8},

abstract = {At oceanic spreading centers, interactions between magma and hydrothermal convecting systems trigger major physical, thermal, and chemical exchanges. The two-pyroxene hornfels recovered from the base of the sheeted dike sequence at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program(IODP) Site 1256 (equatorial Eastern Pacific) are interpreted as a conducting boundary layer between the underlying axial melt lens and the hydrothermally cooled sheeted dikes. They are cut by numerous small, felsic veins, which were recently interpreted as a product of hydrous partial melting of sheeted dikes. Here, we present trace element compositions of products (melts and residues) of hydrous partial melting experiments using basalts and hornfels from IODP Site 1256 as starting material. The experimental products generated between 910 textdegreeC and 970 textdegreeC match the natural lithologies from Site 1256 interms of major and trace element compositions. The compositions of the anatectic melts correspond to the compositions of the felsic veins, while the residual minerals match the compositions of the two-pyroxene hornfels, evidencing that hydrous partial melting is an important magmatic process in the gabbro/dike transition of fast-spreading mid-oceanic ridges. Our results complement previous experimental studies on anatectic processes occurring at the roof of the magma chambers from fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges. Moreover, calculations of mixing and assimilation fractional crystallization using the experimental partial melts as contaminant/assimilant showed that anatectic melts can only be a minor contributor to the contamination process.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Eglinger_etal2016,

title = {Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the internal zone of the Pan-African Lufilian orogenic belt (Zambia): Implications for crustal reworking and syn-orogenic uranium mineralizations},

author = {A. Eglinger and O. Vanderhaeghe and A. S. Andr\'{e}-Mayer and P. Goncalves and A. Zeh and C. Durand and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2015.10.021},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {240},

pages = {167--188},

abstract = {The internal zone of the Pan-African Lufilian orogenic belt (Zambia) hosts a dozen uranium occurrences mostly located within kyanite micaschists in a shear zone marking the contact between metasedimentary rocks attributed to the Katanga Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequence and migmatites coring domes developed dominantly at the expense of the pre-Neoproterozoic basement. The P--T--t--d paths reconstructed for these rocks combining field observations, microstructural analysis, metamorphic petrology and thermobarometry and geochronology indicate that they have recorded burial and exhumation during the Pan-African orogeny. Both units of the Katanga metasedimentary sequence and pre-Katanga migmatitic basement have underwent minimum peak P--T conditions of textasciitilde 9--11 kbar and textasciitilde 640--660 textdegreeC, dated at ca. 530 Ma by garnet-whole rock Lu--Hf isochrons. This suggests that this entire continental segment has been buried up to a depth of 40--50 km with geothermal gradients of 15--20 textdegreeC.km− 1 during the Pan-African orogeny and the formation of the West Gondwana supercontinent. Syn-orogenic exhumation of the partially molten root of the Lufilian belt is attested by isothermal decompression under P--T conditions of textasciitilde 6--8 kbar at ca. 530--500 Ma, witnessing an increase of the geothermal gradients to 25--30 textdegreeCtextperiodcenteredkm− 1. Uranium mineralizations that consist of uraninite and brannerite took place at temperatures ranging from textasciitilde 600 to 700 textdegreeC, and have been dated at ca. 540--530 Ma by U--Pb ages on uraninite. The main uranium deposition thus occurred at the transition from the syn-orogenic burial to the syn-orogenic exhumation stages and has been then partially transposed and locally remobilized during the post-orogenic exhumation accommodated by activation of low-angle extensional detachment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Druitt_etal2016,

title = {Magma storage and extraction during plinian and interplinian periods at Santorini caldera (Greece)},

author = {T. H. Druitt and M. Mercier and L. Florentin and E. Deloule and N. Cluzel and E. M\'{e}dard and A. Cadoux},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egw015},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {57},

pages = {461--494},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ballouard_etal2016,

title = {Magmatic and hydrothermal behavior of uranium in syntectonic leucogranites: The uranium mineralization associated with the Hercynian Gu\'{e}rande granite (Armorican Massif, France)},

author = {C. Ballouard and M. Poujol and P. Boulvais and J. Mercadier and R. Tart`ese and T. Venneman and E. Deloule and M. Jolivet and I. K\'{e}r\'{e} and M. Cathelineau and M. Cuney},

doi = {10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.06.034},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Ore Geology Reviews},

volume = {80},

pages = {309--331},

abstract = {Most of the hydrothermal uranium (U) deposits from the European Hercynian belt (EHB) are spatially associated with Carboniferous peraluminous leucogranites. In the southern part of the Armorican Massif (French part of the EHB), the Gu\'{e}rande peraluminous leucogranite was emplaced in an extensional deformation zone at ca. 310 Ma and is spatially associated with several U deposits and occurrences. The apical zone of the intrusion is structurally located below the Pen Ar Ran U deposit, a perigranitic vein-type deposit where mineralization occurs at thecontact between black shales and Ordovician acid metavolcanics. In the M\'{e}tairie-Neuve intragranitic deposit, uranium oxide-quartz veins crosscut the granite and a metasedimentary enclave. Airborne radiometric data and published trace element analyses on the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite suggest significant uranium leaching at the apical zone of the intrusion. The primaryU enrichment in the apical zone of the granite likely occurred during both fractional crystallization and the interaction with magmatic fluids. The low Th/U values (b2) measured on the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite likely favored the crystallization of magmatic uranium oxides. The oxygen isotope compositions of the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite ($delta$18Owhole rock=9.7--11.6texttenthousandfor deformed samples and $delta$18Owhole rock=12.2--13.6texttenthousandfor other samples) indicate that the deformed facies of the apical zone underwent sub-solidus alteration at depth with oxidizing meteoric fluids. Fluid inclusion analyses on a quartz comb from a uranium oxidequartz vein of the Pen Ar Ran deposit show evidence of low-salinity fluids (1--6 wt.% NaCl eq.), in good agreement with the contribution of meteoric fluids. Fluid trapping temperatures in the range of 250--350 textdegreeC suggest an elevatedgeothermal gradient, probably related to regional extension and the occurrence of magmatic activity in the environment close to the deposit at the time of its formation. U-Pb dating on uraniumoxides from the Pen Ar Ran and M\'{e}tairie-Neuve deposits reveals three different mineralizing events. The first event at 296.6 textpm 2.6 Ma (Pen Ar Ran) is sub-synchronous with hydrothermal circulations and the emplacement of late leucogranitic dykes in the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite. The two last mineralizing events occur at 286.6 textpm 1.0 Ma (M\'{e}tairie-Neuve) and 274.6 textpm 0.9 Ma (Pen Ar Ran), respectively. Backscattered uranium oxide imaging combined with major elements and REE geochemistry suggest similar conditions of mineralization during the two Pen Ar Ran mineralizing events at ca. 300 Ma and ca. 275 Ma, arguing for different hydrothermal circulation phases in the granite and deposits. Apatite fission track dating reveals that the Gu\'{e}rande granite was still at depth and above 120 textdegreeC when these mineralizing events occurred, in agreement with the results obtained on fluid inclusions at Pen Ar Ran. Based on this comprehensive data set,we propose that the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite is the main source for uraniumin the Pen Ar Ran andM\'{e}tairie-Neuve deposits. Sub-solidus alteration via surface-derived low-salinity oxidizing fluids likely promoted uraniumleaching frommagmatic uraniumoxides within the leucogranite. The leached out uranium may then have been precipitated in the reducing environment represented by the surrounding black shales or graphitic quartzites. As similar mineralizing events occurred subsequently until ca. 275 Ma, meteoric oxidizing fluids likely percolated during the time when the Gu\'{e}rande leucogranite was still at depth. The age of the U mineralizing events in the Gu\'{e}rande region (300--275 Ma) is consistent with that obtained on other U deposits in the EHB and could suggest a similar mineralization condition, with long-term upper to middle crustal infiltration of meteoricfluids likely to have mobilized U from fertile peraluminous leucogranites during the Late Carboniferous to Permian crustal extension events.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Su_etal2015,

title = {Potential orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and olivine reference materials for in situ lithium isotope determination},

author = {B. X. Su and X. Y. Gu and E. Deloule and H. F. Zhang and Q. L. Li and X. H. Li and N. Vigier and Y. J. Tang and G. Q. Tang and Y. Liu and K. N. Pang and A. Brewer and Q. Mao and Y. G. Ma},

doi = {10.1111/j.1751-908X.2014.00313.x},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research},

volume = {39},

number = {3},

pages = {357--369},

abstract = {Over 1400 electron probe and 700 ion probe microanalyses were performed on eleven mineral separates to evaluate their potential as reference materials for in situ Liisotopic determination. Our results suggest the homogenous distributions of major elements, Li and its isotopes for each sample. Hence, these samples are suitable to be used as reference materials for in situ measurements of Li abundance and Li isotopes by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) or laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). These samples have the advantage of mitigating probable matrix effects during calibration owing to the wide range of compositions. The effect of composition on the d7Li of olivine measured by SIMS is a linear function of composition, with d7Li increasing by 1.0texttenthousand for each mole per cent decrease in forsterite component.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Su_etal2014_2,

title = {Distinguishing silicate and carbonatite mantle metasomatism by using lithium and its isotopes},

author = {B. X. Su and H. F. Zhang and E. Deloule and N. Vigier and Y. Hu and Y. J. Tang and Y. Xiao and P. Asamoah Sakyi},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.05.016},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {381},

pages = {67--77},

abstract = {To investigate the effects of silicate and carbonatite metasomatism on mantle heterogeneity, we report lithium (Li) concentrations and isotopic compositions for olivine (Ol), orthopyroxene (Opx) and clinopyroxene (Cpx) from two suites of mantle xenoliths (Hannuoba, the North China Craton, and Haoti, the Western Qinling Orogen).The Hannuoba xenoliths range from lherzolite to pyroxenite and were affected by silicate metasomatism, whereas the Haoti xenoliths vary from harzburgite to wehrlite and were affected by carbonatite metasomatism. Lithium concentrations and isotopic compositions display a dichotomy between Hannuoba and Haoti xenoliths, andthe overall variation exceeds what was previously reported. The minerals from Haoti xenoliths are more enriched in Li (Ol: 1.23--13.2 ppm; Opx: 3.00--82.8 ppm; Cpx: 1.39--112 ppm) than those from Hannuoba samples (Ol: 1.34--5.52 ppm; Opx: 0.23--16.1 ppm; Cpx: 1.18--79.8 ppm). Lithium isotopic compositions of these samples are highly variable in both suites of samples. $delta$7Li ranges from +3.0texttenthousand to +41.9texttenthousand in Ol, from −21.0texttenthousand to +20.2texttenthousand in Opx and from−17.4texttenthousand to +18.9texttenthousandin Cpx for Hannuoba samples. Haoti minerals display a similar degree of variation with $delta$7Li ranging from −29.1texttenthousand to +19.9texttenthousand in Ol,−16.9texttenthousand to +18.0texttenthousand in Opx and −45.1texttenthousand to +19.6texttenthousand in Cpx. On average, Li isotopic compositions of minerals from Hannuoba xenoliths follow the sequence of $delta$7LiOl N $delta$7LiOpx N $delta$7LiCpx, whereas those from Haoti xenoliths are characterized by the opposite sequence of $delta$7LiCpx N $delta$7LiOpx N $delta$7LiOl; in particular there is considerable difference in $delta$7Li values of Ol. The Li elemental and isotopic data suggest that mantle metasomatism by distinct agents is an important process for generating the large heterogeneity of Li abundances and isotopic distribution in the lithospheric mantle. The distinct geochemical characteristics of Li isotopes in silicate and carbonatite metasomatism are closely related to the preferential incorporation of Li into minerals from distinct melts. These findings further demonstrate that the Li isotopic systematics may in turn help to discriminate between silicate and carbonatite metasomatism.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Su_etal2014,

title = {Potential orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and olivine reference materials for in situ lithium isotope determination},

author = {B. X. Su and X. Y. Gu and E. Deloule and H. F. Zhang and Q. L. Li and X. H. Li and N. Vigier and Y. J. Tang and G. Q. Tang and Y. Liu and K. N. Pang and A. Brewer and Q. Mao and Y. G. Ma},

doi = {10.1111/j.1751-908X.2014.00313.x},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research},

number = {02},

pages = {1--13},

abstract = {Over 1400 electron probe and 700 ion probe microanalyses were performed on eleven mineral separates to evaluate their potential as reference materials for in situLi isotopic determination. Our results suggest the homogenous distributions of major elements, Li and its isotopes for each sample. Hence, these samples are suitable to be used as reference materials for in situ measurements of Liabundance and Li isotopes by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) or laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). These sampleshave the advantage of mitigating probable matrix effects during calibration owing to the wide range of compositions. The effect of composition on the d7 Li of olivine measured by SIMS is a linear function of composition, with d7Li increasing by 1.0texttenthousand for each mole per cent decrease in forsterite component},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mtrich+Deloule2014,

title = {Water content, $delta$D and $delta$11B tracking in the Vanuatu arc magmas (Aoba Island): Insights from olivine-hosted melt inclusions},

author = {N. M\'{e}trich and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2014.08.011},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {206-207},

pages = {400--408},

abstract = {Ion microprobe measurements of H and B isotopic ratios andH2O, B and trace element contents are reported here for a series of melt inclusions typical of alkaline basalts of Aoba Island in the central part of Vanuatu arc (Southwestern Pacific). The melt inclusions, hosted in olivine Fo86--90, display large ranges in trace element concentrations and hydrogen ($delta$D from−48.2 to+61.7texttenthousand) and boron ($delta$11B from−11.9 to+6.4texttenthousand) isotopic compositions. The high deuterium enrichment ($delta$D �W 0texttenthousand) observed in a small subset of melt inclusions requires a proton diffusion loss through the olivine network, in addition to late-stage magma interactions with aqueous saline fluids. These melt inclusions are therefore not considered as representative of the magma from which the olivine grew. In most melt inclusions, positive correlations between H2O, K2O, Ba and Sr lead us to determine the K2O/H2O(1.5 textpm 0.2), H2O/Ba (46 textpm 3 texttimes 10−4) and H2O/Sr (29 textpm 2 texttimes 10−4) ratios of Aoba basalts. Overall correlations between $delta$11B, B/Nb, and B/Nd testify to the mixing between slab-derived fluids, preferentially enriched in $delta$11B and fluid mobile elements and a relatively depletedMORB-type mantle wedge beneath Aoba Island. Heavy $delta$11B (on average 5.4 textpm 0.7texttenthousand) indicate slab-derived fluids, possibly involving serpentine, which would have a mean $delta$D value of −28.4 textpm 7texttenthousand. The chemical and isotopic variability recorded by Aoba magmas (melt inclusions) is consistent with the geodynamic context of ridge-arc collision in the central segment ofVanuatu arc.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{France_etal2014,

title = {Contamination of MORB by anatexis of magma chamber roof rocks: Constraints from a geochemical study of experimental melts and associated residues},

author = {L. France and J. Koepke and C. J. MacLeod and B. Ildefonse and M. Godard and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2014.05.018},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {202-203},

pages = {120--137},

abstract = {Mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) are the most abundant magmas produced on Earth. They are widely studied to infer mantle compositions and melting processes. However, MORB liquids are also the complex end-product of a variety of intra-crustal processes such as partial or fractional crystallization, melt -- rock interaction, and contamination. Deciphering the relative contribution of these different processes is of first-order importance. Contamination at ocean crustal levels is likely, and may occur at magma chamber margins where fresh magmas can interact with previously hydrothermally altered rocks. Characterizing the composition of this crustal contaminant component is critical if we are to understand the relative importance of each component in the resulting MORB liquid. Here we present the results of experiments designed to reproduce the processes occurring at oceanic magma chamber roofs, where crustal contamination should be most extensive, by melting a representative sample of the sheeted dike complex. Anatectic melts thus produced are likely to represent the principal crustal contaminant in MORB. These melts were characterized for major and trace elements, showing B, Zr, Hf, and U enrichment, and Sr, Ti, and V depletion relative to original MORB liquids. In comparison to the starting material, relative element fractionations are observed in the anatectic melts, with enrichments of : U relative to Ba, Nb, and Th ; LREE and MREE relative to Sr ; and Zr -- Hf relative to LREE. Bulk partition coefficients for element partitioning during magma chamber roof anatexis are derived and proposed as valuable tools for tracking MORB contamination. Comparison with natural samples from the East Pacific Rise and the Oman ophiolite shows that anatectic melts can crystallize in situ to form oceanic plagiogranite intrusions, and that residual assemblages associated with the hydrous partial melting stage are represented by hornfelsic dikes and enclaves (also named granoblastic basalts). We now recognize these as commonplace at the root of the sheeted dike complex both at present-day and fossil oceanic spreading centers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fri_etal2014,

title = {New evidence for chondritic lunar water from combined D/H and noble gas analyses of single Apollo 17 volcanic glasses},

author = {E. F\"{u}ri and E. Deloule and A. Gurenko and B. Marty},

doi = {10.1016/j.icarus.2013.10.029},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Icarus},

volume = {229},

pages = {109--120},

abstract = {In order to assess the proportion of solar, cosmogenic, and indigenous water (hydrogen) trapped in individual Ti-rich lunar volcanic glasses (LVGs) from the 74002 core obtained during the Apollo 17 mission, we coupled ion microprobe measurements of water abundances and D/H ratios with CO2 laser extraction-static mass spectrometry analyses of noble gases (He, Ne, Ar). The large (300--400 lm in diameter) LVGs studied here contain a small amount of solar wind (SW) volatiles implanted at the grain surfaces, as indicated by the small concentrations of solar helium and neon that represent 65% of the respective totalnoble gas abundances. The large proportion of volume-correlated cosmogenic gases reflects an exposure duration of 28 Ma, on average, of the glasses at the lunar surface. Hydrogen abundances determined in the grain interiors of glassy and partially-crystalline LVGs are equivalent to between 6.5 and 54.3 ppm H2O. Based on the noble gas exposure ages, the correction of the measured hydrogen isotope composition for in situ production of cosmogenic deuterium by spallation reactions varies between 5texttenthousandto 254texttenthousandfor the different grains. Corrected dD values range from +38texttenthousand to +809texttenthousand in the LVGs and are anti-correlated with the water content, consistent with extensive hydrogen isotope fractionation during kinetic H2 lossfrom a lunar melt with an inferred initial isotope signature of the order of 100texttenthousand and a water content of 100--300 ppm. The detection of water in these primitive lunar melts confirms the presence of a nonanhydrous mantle reservoir within the Moon. Furthermore, our results reveal that the hydrogen isotope composition of water in the melt source of the 74002 LVGs is similar to that of carbonaceous chondrites. These observations indicate that the contribution of deuterium-enriched cometary water to the Earth-- Moon system is negligible.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{DiMuro_etal2014,

title = {The Shallow Plumbing System of Piton de la FournaiseVolcano (La Re¤union Island, Indian Ocean) Revealed by the Major 2007 Caldera-Forming Eruption},

author = {A. Di Muro and N. M\'{e}trich and D. Vergani and M. Rosi and P. Armienti and T. Fougeroux and E. Deloule and I. Arienzo and L. Civetta},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egu025},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {55},

number = {7},

pages = {1287--1315},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decree_etal2014,

title = {Dating of U-rich heterogenite: New insights into U deposit genesis and U cycling in the Katanga Copperbelt},

author = {S. Decree and E. Deloule and T. De Putter and S. Dewaele and F. Mees and J. M. Baele and C. Marignac},

doi = {10.1016/j.precamres.2013.11.009},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Precambrian Research},

volume = {241},

pages = {17--28},

abstract = {The Katanga Copperbelt region of the Democratic Republic of Congo hosts world-class cobalt deposits accounting for �`u50% of the world reserves. Heterogenite (CoOOH) is the most abundant Co-bearing secondary mineral in the region. Its occurrence is the result of oxidation of Cu--Co-sulfides and associated Co reprecipitation in the uppermost part of the deposits, during the Pliocene. In addition to sediment-hosted copper and cobalt ore deposits, the Katanga Copperbelt also hosts numerous uraniferous mineral occurrences and deposits, which can be associated with heterogenite. Within these deposits, heterogenite can have high concentrations of U (up to 3.5%) and Pb (up to �`u4%).In situ SIMS U--Pb ages were obtained for heterogenite samples from the U deposits of Shinkolobwe, Kalongwe and Kambove. These analyses yield distinct Neoproterozoic ages, at �`u876 Ma, �`u823 Ma and in the �`u720 to �`u670 Ma age range. As the geological context prevailing at those times was not favorable for heterogenite formation, these ages most probably record geological events that are not the formation of the mineral itself. For instance, the heterogenites could have inherited the U--Pb signature of a U-rich mineral, most likely uraninite, formed and/or yet reworked at �`u876 Ma, �`u823 Ma and in the �`u720 to �`u670 Ma time interval and spatially associated with primary Co-sulfides. In this hypothesis, the ages obtained in this paper are significant for understanding the cycling and re-deposition of U at given moments in the regional geological history.In such context, the �`u876 Ma and the �`u823 Ma age are consistent with syn-early diagenetic concentration of uranium in sediments of the Katanga basin. The �`u720 to �`u670 Ma ages are interpreted as a phase of U remobilization related to hydrothermal fluid circulation induced by late Nguba proto-oceanic rifting or by early stages of Congo-Kalahari craton convergence, and associated hydrothermal circulation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Borisova_etal2014,

title = {Lead isotope signatures of Kerguelen plume-derived olivine-hosted melt inclusions: Constraints on the ocean island basalt petrogenesis},

author = {A. Y. Borisova and F. Faure and E. Deloule and M. Gr\'{e}goire and F. B\'{e}jina and P. Parseval and J. L. Devidal},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2014.03.022 0024-4937},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {198-199},

pages = {153--171},

abstract = {The nature of magmatic sources reflected by isotopic composition of the ocean island basalt (OIB) remains an ongoing question in igneous geochemistry. To constrain the magmatic sources for OIB related to the Kerguelen plume activity, we performed detailed microanalytical investigation of the 21.4 Ma picritic basalt (MD109-D6- 87) dredged during the textquotelefttextquoteleftMarion Dufresnetextquoterighttextquoteright cruise on a seamount between Kerguelen Archipelago and Heard Island. Lead isotope compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions and matrix glasses were measured by Laser Ablation Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) and SecondaryIon Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). We also performed major and trace element microanalyses and mapping of the inclusions and the host olivine phenocrysts by electron microprobe (wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, WDS). The observed significant major element (K2O/P2O5, Al2O3/TiO2) and Pb isotope (207Pb/206Pband 208Pb/206Pb) heterogeneities of parental melts (MgO=7--10 wt.%) during early high pressure crystallisation stage (200--300MPa, Fo82--86 mol%), and relative homogeneity at later lower-pressure crystallisation stage (b100 MPa, Fo75--80 mol%) are interpreted by mixing between textquotelefttextquoteleftPlumetextquoterighttextquoteright and textquotelefttextquoteleftAssimilanttextquoterighttextquoteright melts during magma residence and transport. Lead isotope composition of the parental basaltic melts was inherited from both heterogeneous mantle and the Kerguelen Plateau crust. High K2O/P2O5 (N4), Al2O3/TiO2 (N4) ratios are attributed to assimilation of the plateau basaltic crust (�W50 wt.%) by the melts in the magma chamber at palaeodepths from6 to 9 km. The crustal assimilation may have happened through plagioclase dissolution. The large chemical and isotopic heterogeneityof the parental OIB melts found by in situ microanalyses in this study suggests that the bulk rock chemistry alone cannot provide enough information to constrain the nature of the magmatic sources.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Demaiffe_etal2013,

title = {A hidden alkaline and carbonatite province of early carboniferous age in northeast Poland : zircon U-Pb and pyrrhotite Re-Os geochronology.},

author = {D. Demaiffe and J. Wiszniewska and E. Krzeminska and I. S Williams and S. Brassinnes and D. Ohnenstetter and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1086/668674},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Geology},

volume = {121},

pages = {91--104},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tartse_etal2012,

title = {Mylonites of the South Armorican Shear Zone: Insights for crustal-scale fluid flow and water-rock interaction processes},

author = {R. Tart`ese and P. Boulvais and M. Poujol and T. Chevalier and J. L. Paquette and T. R. Ireland and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.jog.2011.05.003},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geodynamics},

volume = {56-57},

pages = {86--107},

abstract = {Abstract: Mylonites display petrographical and geochemical characteristics that can be related to syn-deformation fluid circulation. The South Armorican Shear Zone, a major structural feature of the Armorican Massif (France), is outlined by the presence of mylonitic rocks cropping out mostly in open quarries. These mylonites were essentially formed at the expense of peraluminous granitic bodies. Deformation occurred from ductile conditions in the biotite stability field (\>400 degrees C) down to lower greenschist cataclasis and brecciation, where carbonation developed. U-Pb analyses on zircon and monazite define a minimum duration of 15 Ma for the deformation and hydrothermal history, between 315 Ma and 300 Ma. Fluid circulations are well documented, by way of petrographic observation (chlorite and carbonate crystallization), mineralogical composition analysis (muscovite chemistry), erratic mobility behavior of some elements (As, Sn, U for instance), and stable isotope composition analysis of the infiltrated rocks. High temperature deformation is not accompanied by alteration of the O isotope system, which implies either low fluid/rock ratio and/or the involvement of delta O-18 crustal fluids with a composition similar to that of the rocks. On the other hand, some low temperature mylonites show a drastic decrease in the delta O-18 values, which has to be related to the influx of surface derived waters. The heat source necessary for this crustal scale downward infiltration of fluids followed by upward motion was likely provided by the exhumation of lower crustal units in the South Armorican domain.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Su_etal2012,

title = {Extremely high Li and low $delta$7Li signatures in the lithospheric mantle},

author = {B. Su and H. Zhang and E. Deloule and P. A. Saky and Y. Xiao and Y. Tang and J. Ying and P. Liu},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.11.023},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {292-293},

pages = {149--157},

abstract = {Geochemical behavior of lithium (Li) in mantle processes is generally explained by: (1) Li diffuses into minerals from melts, faster in clinopyroxene than in olivine, creating isotopically lighter-Li clinopyroxene and heavier-Li olivine; (2) Partitioning of Li changes with temperature, and as cooling proceeds Li diffuses into clinopyroxene from olivine, also resulting in low-$delta$7Li clinopyroxene and high-$delta$7Li olivine, similar to the result of process (1). Our results obtained from highly carbonatite-metasomatized peridotite xenoliths from the Western Qinling reveal that the minerals of these xenoliths contain extremely high Li in a range of 2--16 ppm for olivine, 2--43 ppm for orthopyroxene, and up to 75 ppm for clinopyroxene. Secondly, olivines have much lower $delta$7Li (down to −42texttenthousand) relative to co-existent pyroxenes. Above observations provide important insights into the behavior of Li during mantle processes. One explanation is that the fractionation of Li strongly depends on the metasomatic medium. Alkaline melts, particularly Na-rich carbonatitic melts, which have high Li contents (textasciitilde200 ppm) but mantle level $delta$7Li (3--5texttenthousand), tend to effectively transfer 6Li into olivine and 7Li into pyroxene, while silicate melts behave on the contrary. Alternative might be the existence of a reservoir with a high Li content but low $delta$7Li, like eclogite, in the mantle since the 7Li released into the overlying mantle wedge during dehydration. This study reveals the distinctive behavior of Li between the carbonatite and silicate metasomatism in the mantle.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Isseini_etal2012,

title = {A-type granites from the Pan-African orogenic belt in south-western Chad constrained using geochemistry, Sr--Nd isotopes and U--Pb geochronology},

author = {M. Isseini and A. S. Andr\'{e}-Mayer and O. Vanderhaeghe and P. Barbey and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2012.07.014},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {153},

pages = {39--52},

abstract = {The Zabili granitic pluton (SW Chad) exposed in the Mayo Kebbi massif is dominated by a coarse-grained hornblende biotite granite grading into a fine-grained biotite granite along its southern margin. Petrologic (micrographic intergrowth of quartz and alkali feldspars, granophyric microstructures, the presence of fluoriteand bastnaesite as accessory minerals) and geochemical data (high silica, alkalis and Fe/Mg, depletions in CaO, MgO, TiO2; high Ga, Nb, Zr, Ga/Al, REE, depletions in Ba, Sr, Eu and compatible elements) indicate that this pluton consists of A-type granites crystallized from hot (apatite and zircon saturation temperatures ranging from 744 textdegreeC to 923 textdegreeC), extremely differentiated magmas. U--Pb zircon geochronology indicates that the magmas crystallized at 567textpm10 Ma and reveals the presence of older Neoproterozoic xenocrystic zircons at 668textpm5 Ma in both facies. Within the fine-grained biotite granite, discordant zircons with U--Pb and Pb--Pbages ranging from Neoproterozoic to Archaean are also reported. The 668textpm5 Ma old zircons are considered to derive from country-rocks while discordant zircons, characterized by angular shapes, internal fractures and inherited cores, are likely to represent multi-sources detrital crystals that have recorded at least onemetamorphic event. Old pre-Neoproterozoic zircons are reported for the first time for rocks of the Mayo Kebbi massif and they attest to the contribution of an old basement (likely to be the Eastern Nigeria basement and/or the Congo craton) involved in a collisional event with a juvenile Neoproterozoic crust prior to theemplacement of the Zabili granitic pluton. Initial $epsilon$Nd values calculated for the Zabili pluton range from +2.6 to +7.0, the highest value recorded by one sample from the coarse-grained hornblende-biotite granite being close to the one of the depleted mantle at 570 Ma ($epsilon$Nd=+7.4). Combining geochronology, Nd isotopescomposition and geochemical modeling, leads us to suggest the following model for the origin of the Zabili granitic pluton: (i) contribution of juvenile magmas or partial melting of a juvenile basaltic protolith characterized by a short crustal residence time; (ii) interaction of granitic magmas with older continentalmaterials as suggested by the presence of pre-Neoproterozoic zircons and lower initial $epsilon$Nd values of the fine-grained biotite granite; and (iii) fractional crystallization of feldspars and ferromagnesians to produce the observed geochemical features of sample GAB-B, from which an initial $epsilon$Nd value of +7.0 has been calculated.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fiorentini_etal2012,

title = {Evidence of water degassing during emplacement and crystallization of 2.7 Ga komatiites from the Agnew-Wiluna greenstone belt, Western Australia},

author = {M. L. Fiorentini and S. W. Beresford and W. E. Stone and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1007/s00410-012-0730-z)},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

abstract = {Abstract Komatiites are ancient volcanic rocks, mostly over 2.7 billion years old, which formed through [30% partial melting of the mantle. This study addresses thecrucial relationship between volcanology and physical manifestation of primary magmatic water content in komatiites of the Agnew-Wiluna greenstone belt, WesternAustralia, and documents the degassing processes that occurred during the emplacement and crystallization of these magmas. The Agnew-Wiluna greenstone belt of Western Australia contains three co-genetic komatiite units that (1) display laterally variable volcanological features, including thick cumulates and spinifex-textured units, and (2) were emplaced as both lava flows and intrusions atvarious locations. Komatiite sills up to 500 m thick contain widespread occurrence of hydromagmatic amphibole in orthocumulate- and mesocumulate-textured rocks, whichcontain ca. 40--50 wt% MgO and backslash3 wt% TiO2. Conversely, komatiite flows do not contain any volatile-bearing mineral phases: *150-m-thick flows only contain vesicles, amygdales and segregation structures, whereasbackslash5--10-mthick flows lack any textural and petrographic evidence of primary volatile contents. The main results of this study demonstrate that komatiites from the Agnew-Wiluna greenstone belt, irrespective of their initial water content, have degassed upon emplacement, flow and crystallization. More importantly, data show that komatiite flows mostlikely degassed more water than komatiite intrusions. Komatiite degassing may have indirectly influenced numerous physical and chemical parameters of the waterfrom the primordial oceans and hence indirectly contributed to the creation of a complex zonation at the interface between water and seafloor.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Druitt_etal2012,

title = {Decadal to monthly timescales of magma transfer and reservoir growth at a caldera volcano},

author = {T. H. Druitt and F. Costa and E. Deloule and M. Dungan and B. Scaillet},

doi = {10.1038/nature10706},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {482},

pages = {77--80},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bolfan-Casanova_etal2012,

title = {Ferric iron and water incorporation in wadsleyite under hydrous and oxidizing conditions: A XANES, M\"{o}ssbauer, and SIMS study},

author = {N. Bolfan-Casanova and M. Munoz and C. McCammon and E. Deloule and A. F\'{e}rot and S. Demouchy and L. France and D. Andrault and S. Pascarelli},

doi = {10.2138/am.2012.3869},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {97},

number = {8-9},

pages = {1483--1493},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mathieu_etal2011,

title = {Na2O solubility in CaO-MgO-SiO2 melts},

author = {R. Mathieu and G. Libourel and E. Deloule and L. Tissandier and C. Rapin and R. Podor},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2010.11.001},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {75},

number = {2},

pages = {608--628},

abstract = {AbstractThe sodium solubility in silicate melts in the CaO--MgO--SiO2 (CMS) system at 1400 C has been measured by using a closed thermochemical reactor designed to control alkali metal activity. In this reactor, Na(g) evaporation from a Na2O--xSiO2melt imposes an alkali metal vapor pressure in equilibrium with the molten silicate samples. Because of equilibrium conditions in the reactor, the activity of sodium-metal oxide in the molten samples is the same as that of the source, i.e., aNa2O(sample) = aNa2O(source). This design also allows to determine the sodium oxide activity coefficient in the samples. Thirty-three different CMS compositions were studied. The results show that the amount of sodium entering from the gas phase (i.e., Na2O solubility) is strongly sensitive to silica content of the melt and, to a lesser extent, the relative amounts of CaO and MgO. Despitethe large range of tested melt compositions (0 \< CaO and MgO \< 40; 40 \< SiO2 \< 100; in wt%), we found that Na2O solubility is conveniently modeled as a linear function of the optical basicity (K) calculated on a Na-free basis melt composition. In our experiments, cNa2O(sample) ranges from 7 10 7 to 5 10 6, indicating a strongly non-ideal behavior of Na2O solubility in the studied CMS melts (cNa2O(sample) 1). In addition to showing the effect of sodium on phase relationships in the CMS system, this Na2O solubility study brings valuable new constraints on how melt structure controls the solubility of Na in theCMS silicate melts. Our results suggest that Na2O addition causes depolymerization of the melt by preferential breaking of Si--O--Si bonds of the most polymerized tetrahedral sites, mainly Q4.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martin_etal2011,

title = {REE and Hf distribution between pyrope and NaCl-bearing water at eclogitic-facies conditions},

author = {C. Martin and F. Brunet and S. Duch^ene and B. Luais and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1127/0935-1221/2011/0023-2124},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {European Journal of Mineralogy},

volume = {23},

pages = {343--353},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2010,

title = {Low water content of the Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern part of the North China Craton},

author = {Q. K. Xia and Y. Hao and E. Deloule and M. Coltorti and L. Dallai and X. Yang and M. Feng},

doi = {10.1029/2009JB006694},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},

volume = {115},

pages = {B07207},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Valle_etal2010,

title = {Elemental and isotopic (Si-29 and O-18) tracing of glass alteration mechanisms},

author = {N. Valle and A. Verney-Carron and J. Sterpenich and G. Libourel and E. Deloule and P. Jollivet},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {74},

number = {12},

pages = {3412--3431},

abstract = {To better understand glass alteration mechanisms, especially alteration layers formation, leaching experiments Of a borosilicate glass (SON68) doped with a different rare earth element (La, Ce, or Nd) with solutions rich in Si-29 and O-18 were carried out. The coupled analyses of glass, alteration products, and solution led to a complete elemental and isotopic (Si-29 and O-18) budget. They revealed different behaviours of elements that depend not only on their structural role in the glass, but also on their affinity for alteration products (gel, phyllosilicates, phosphates). However, analyses of both glass and solution are not sufficient to describe the real exchanges occurring between glass and solution. The use of Si-29 and O-18 tracers gives new insights on the formation of alteration layers. During alteration the phyllosilicates records the isotopic variations of the leaching solution. Their isotopic signatures highlight a mechanism of dissolution/precipitation, which implies equilibrium between the secondary phases and the solution. On the other hand the gel isotopic signature, that is intermediate between the glass and the solution, substantiates the hypothesis that the gel is formed by hydrolysis/condensation reactions. This mechanism can thus explain the influence of the gel formation conditions (alteration conditions, solution saturation) on the structure (reorganisation) and texture (porosity) of this layer and on its protective effect. These hydrolysis/condensation reactions are also certainly involved in the aluminosilicate glass alteration and in the formation of palagonite. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martin_etal2010,

title = {Behavior of trace elements in relation to Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd geochronometers during metamorphic dehydration-hydration in the HP domain of VAyenrdalsneset, Western Gneiss Region, Norway},

author = {C. Martin and S. Duchene and B. Luais and P. Goncalves and E. Deloule and C. Fournier},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2010.04.057},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {159},

number = {4},

pages = {437--458},

abstract = {The geochemical and isotopic characterization of an eclogite and the associated retrogressive amphibolite at VAyenrdalsneset, WGR, Norwegian Caledonide was undertaken to investigate the mobility of REE and Hf and the behavior of Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd geochronometers during metamorphic dehydration/rehydration. Eclogitic garnets display a distinct core-rim chemical zoning. Thermodynamic modeling indicates that both cores (13-22 kbar, 500-580A degrees C) and rims (\> 16 kbar, 610-660A degrees C) crystallized under eclogite-facies conditions. The core-rim zoning corresponds to the dehydration of the system. This petrographic disequilibrium is associated with Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd disequilibrium, which prevents dating of the eclogitic stages. At the rock scale, the incoming fluid responsible for eclogite-amphibolite retrogression brought in Sm and Nd, leached Lu, and had no influence on Hf. At the grain scale, mass balance shows that Sm and Nd were stored in clinozoisite since the first eclogitic stage, whereas Lu and Hf, which were more thoroughly redistributed among minerals during retrogression, enable the dating of the amphibolitic facies at 378 +/- A 17 Ma.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decre_etal2010,

title = {Geodynamic and climate controls in the formation of Mio-Plioc`ene world-class cobalt and manganese oxidized ores in the Katanga (D.R. Congo)},

author = {S. Decr\'{e}e and E. Deloule and G. Ruffet and S. Dewaele and F. Mees and C. Marignac and J. Yans and T. De Putter},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-010-0305-8},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

volume = {45},

number = {7},

pages = {621--629},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouvier_etal2010_2,

title = {Light elements, volatiles, and stable isotopes in basaltic melt inclusions from Grenada, Lesser Antilles: Inferences for magma genesis},

author = {A. S. Bouvier and N. M\'{e}trich and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1029/2010GC003051},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems G3},

volume = {11},

number = {9},

pages = {Q09004},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouvier_etal2010,

title = {Fluid Inputs to Magma Sources of St. Vincent and Grenada (Lesser Antilles): New Insights from Trace Elements in Olivine-hosted Melt Inclusions},

author = {A. S. Bouvier and E. Deloule and N. Metrich},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egq031},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {51},

number = {8},

pages = {1597--1615},

abstract = {St. Vincent and Grenada, known for the presence of high Mg-basalts, are two of the southernmost islands of the Lesser Antilles arc, located at the boundary between the Atlantic and Caribbean Plates. We report here secondary ionization mass spectrometry measurements of trace elements (V, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, La to Eu) in basaltic melt inclusions trapped in olivine (Fo(90-86)) within high-MgO basalts. Combined with previous data on light elements and stable isotopes obtained on the same sample set, these results allow us to decipher the nature of the slab-derived fluids that modified the mantle wedge beneath these two islands. The melt inclusions exhibit trace element patterns that encompass those of the whole-rocks, but with a larger range of variability at Grenada. On the whole, such patterns are trace element enriched but not very fractionated compared with mid-ocean ridge basalt and display typical Ba and Sr enrichment. The variations of mobile/immobile element ratios (e.g. K/La, Sr/Y) are poorly reconciled with crustal contamination processes but rather track the involvement of early aqueous fluids, which are also responsible for significant increases in Cl/F, B and Cl recorded by the melt inclusions. The variations of immobile element ratios such as La/Sm and Nb/Y cannot be accounted for by variable extents of melting alone, but also imply the influence of a hydrous sediment-derived melt for St. Vincent, whereas the by far larger enrichments of La and Nb in the Grenada samples require contributions of solute-rich fluids extracted at high temperature and pressure from both subducted oceanic crust and sediments. Moreover, a few Grenada melt inclusions display unusual Zr enrichment (up to 1274 ppm), a rare feature in basaltic melts that possibly involves the localized dissolution of zircon. The comparison of trace element distribution patterns in the melt inclusions (MI) and whole-rocks indicates the primary composition of the MI and the interaction of the melt with mantle paragenesis after their entrapment in olivine.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Houketchang_etal2009,

title = {U-Pb and Sm-Nd dating of high-pressure granulites from Tchollire, and Banyo regions: Evidence for a Pan-African granulite facies metamorphism in north-central Cameroon},

author = {M. B. Houketchang and S. F. Toteu and E. Deloule and J. Penaye and W. R. Van Schmus},

doi = {10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.03.013},

issn = {1464-343X},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {54},

number = {5},

pages = {144--154},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Denele_etal2009,

title = {Middle Ordovician U-Pb age of the Aston and Hospitalet orthogneissic laccoliths: their role in the Variscan evolution of the Pyrenees},

author = {Y. Denele and P. Barbey and E. Deloule and E. Pelleter and P. Olivier and G. Gleizes},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Bulletin de la Soci\'{e}t\'{e} G\'{e}ologique de France},

volume = {180},

number = {3},

pages = {209--216},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yang_etal2008_2,

title = {Water in minerals of the continental lithospheric mantle and overlying lower crust: A comparative study of peridotite and granulite xenoliths from the North China Craton},

author = {X. Z. Yang and Q. K. Xia and E. Deloule and L. Dallai and Q. C. Fan and M. Feng},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.07.020},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {256},

number = {1-2},

pages = {33--45},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yang_etal2008,

title = {Water contrast between Precambrian and Phanerozoic continental lower crust in eastern China},

author = {X. Z. Yang and E. Deloule and Q. K. Xia and Q. C. Fan and M. Feng},

doi = {10.1029/2007JB005541},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research ?\u{I} Solid Earth},

volume = {113},

number = {B9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner_etal2008,

title = {Dehydrogenation of kaersutitic amphibole under electron beam excitation recorded by changes in Fe3+/Sigma Fe: An EMP and SIMS study},

author = {C. Wagner and E. Deloule and M. Fialin and P. L. King},

doi = {10.2138/am.2008.2777},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {93},

number = {8-9},

pages = {1273--1281},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Valli_etal2008,

title = {New U-Th/Pb constraints on timing of shearing and long-term slip-rate on the Karakorum fault},

author = {F. Valli and P. H. Leloup and J. L. Paquette and N. Arnaud and H. Li and P. Tapponnier and R. Lacassin and S. Guillot and D. Liu and E. Deloule and Z. Xu and G. Mah\'{e}o},

doi = {10.1029/2007TC002184},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Tectonics},

volume = {27},

number = {TC5007},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mathieu_etal2008,

title = {Control of alkali-metal oxide activity in molten silicates},

author = {R. Mathieu and H. Khedim and G. Libourel and R. Podor and L. Tissandier and E. Deloule and F. Faure and C. Rapin and M. Vilasi},

doi = {10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.07.004},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids},

volume = {254},

number = {45-46},

pages = {5079--5083},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martin_etal2008,

title = {Mobility of trace elements and oxygen in zircon during metamorphism: Consequences for geochemical tracing},

author = {L. Martin and S. Duch^ene and E. Deloule and O. Vanderhaeghe},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2007.11.029},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {267},

number = {1-2},

pages = {161--174},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Florentini_etal2008,

title = {The role of mantle-derived volatiles in the petrogenesis of Palaeoproterozoic ferropicrites in the Pechenga Greenstone Belt, northwestern Russia: Insights from in-situ microbeam and nanobeam analysis of hydromagmatic amphibole},

author = {M. L. Florentini and S. W. Beresford and E. Deloule and E. Hanski and M. S. Stone and D. G. Pearson},

doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2007.12.018},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {268},

number = {1-2},

pages = {2--14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decre_etal2008,

title = {Pb--Zn mineralization in a Miocene regional extensional context: The case of the Sidi Driss and the Douahria ore deposits (Nefza mining district, northern Tunisia)},

author = {S. Decr\'{e}e and C. Marignac and T. De Putter and E. Deloule and J. P. Li\'{e}gois and D. Demaiffe},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Ore Geology Reviews},

volume = {34},

number = {3},

pages = {285--303},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bouvier_etal2008,

title = {Slab-derived fluids in the magma sources of St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles arc): Volatile and light element imprints},

author = {A. S. Bouvier and N. Metrich and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/egn031},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {49},

number = {8},

pages = {1427--1448},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yang_etal2007,

title = {Water in granulites: implications for the nature and evolution of the lower continental crust},

author = {X. Z. Yang and Q. K. Xia and E. Deloule and Q. C. Fan and Y. T. Hao},

doi = {10.1080/10020070612331343235},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Progress in Natural Science},

volume = {17},

number = {2},

pages = {117--130},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner+Deloule2007,

title = {Behaviour of Li and its isotopes during metasomatism of French Massif Central lherzolites},

author = {C. Wagner and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.010},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {71},

number = {17},

pages = {4279--4296},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Toteu_etal2007,

title = {Reply to the comment by Mvondo et al. on textquotelefttextquoteleftU--Pb dating of plutonic rocks involved in the nappe tectonics in southern Cameroon: Consequence for the Pan-African orogenic evolution of the central African fold belt by Toteu et al., 2006textquoterighttextquoteright (Journal of African Earth Sciences 44, 479--493)},

author = {S. F. Toteu and R. Yongue Fouateu and J. Penaye and A. C. Seme Mouangue and W. R. Van Schmus and J. Tchakounte and E. Deloule and H. Stendal},

doi = {10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.11.015},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {48},

pages = {53--54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tchakount_etal2007,

title = {Evidence of ca 1.6Ga detrital zircon in the Bafia Group (Cameroon): Implication for the chronostratigraphy of the Pan-African Belt north of the Congo craton},

author = {N. J. Tchakount\'{e} and S. F. Toteu and W. R. Van Schmus and J. Penaye and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.crte.2007.01.004},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

urldate = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus. G\'{e}oscience},

volume = {339},

number = {2},

pages = {132--142},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pelleter_etal2007,

title = {Hydrothermal zircons: A tool for ion microprobe U/Pb dating of gold mineralization (Tamlalt-Menhouhou gold deposit-Morocco)},

author = {E. Pelleter and A. Cheilletz and D. Gasquet and A. Mouttaqi and M. Annich and A. El Hakour and E. Deloule and G. Feraud},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.07.026},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {245},

number = {3-4},

pages = {135--161},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Micheletti_etal2007,

title = {Latest Precambrian to Early Cambrian U-Pb zircon ages of augen gneisses from Calabria (Italy), with inference to the Alboran microplate in the evolution of the peri-Gondwana terranes},

author = {F. Micheletti and P. Barbey and A. Fornelli and G. Piccarreta and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-006-0136-0},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {96},

number = {5},

pages = {843--860},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Levresse_etal2007,

title = {Is there a Grenvillian basement in the Guerrero-Morelos platform of Mexico?},

author = {G. Levresse and J. Tritlla and E. Deloule and P. Pinto-Linares},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Geologica Acta},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

pages = {167--175},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Desbois_etal2007,

title = {New constraints on metamorphic history of Adirondack diopsides (New York, USA): Al and d18O profiles},

author = {G. Desbois and J. Ingrin and N. T. Kita and J. W. Valley and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.2138/am.2007.2224},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {92},

number = {4},

pages = {453--459},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bonhoure_etal2007,

title = {Methodology for Rare Earth Element Determinations of Uranium Oxides by Ion Microprobe},

author = {J. Bonhoure and P. Kister and M. Cuney and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1111/j.1751-908X.2007.00865.x},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research},

volume = {31},

number = {3},

pages = {209--226},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2006,

title = {Water in the lower crustal granulite xenoliths from Nushan, eastern China},

author = {Q. K. Xia and X. Z. Yang and E. Deloule and Y. M. Sheng and Y. T. Hao},

doi = {10.1029/2006JB004296},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth},

volume = {111},

number = {B11},

pages = {B11202},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Toteu_etal2006_2,

title = {Diachronous evolution of volcano-sedimentary basins north of the Congo craton: Insights from U-Pb ion microprobe dating of zircons from the Poli, Lom and Yaounde Groups (Cameroon)},

author = {F. Toteu and J. Penaye and E. Deloule and W. R. Van Schmus and R. Tchameni},

doi = {10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.11.011},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {44},

number = {4-5},

pages = {428--442},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Toteu_etal2006,

title = {U-Pb dating of plutonic rocks involved in the nappe tectonic in southern Cameroon: consequence for the Pan-African orogenic evolution of the Central African fold belt},

author = {F. Toteu and R. Y. Fouateu and J. Penaye and J. Tchakounte and A. C. S. Mouangue and W. R. Van Schmus and E. Deloule and H. Stendal},

doi = {10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.11.015},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {44},

number = {4-5},

pages = {479--493},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rossi_etal2006,

title = {Variscan to eo-Alpine events recorded in European lower-crust zircons sampled from the French Massif Central and Corsica, France},

author = {P. Rossi and A. Cocherie and C. M. Fanning and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2005.06.009},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {87},

number = {3-4},

pages = {235--260},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martin_etal2006,

title = {The isotopic composition of zircon and garnet: A record of the metamorphic history of Naxos, Greece},

author = {L. Martin and S. Duch^ene and E. Deloule and O. Vanderhaeghe},

doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2005.06.016},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Lithos},

volume = {87},

number = {3-4},

pages = {174--192},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lerouge_etal2006,

title = {Shrimp U-Pb zircon age evidence for paleoproterozoic sedimentation and 2.05 Ga syntectonic plutonism in the Nyong Group, south-western Cameroon: Consequences for the Eburnean-Transamazonian belt of NE Brazil and Central Africa},

author = {C. Lerouge and A. Cocherie and F. Toteu and J. Penaye and J. P. Milesi and R. Tchameni and E. N. Nsifa and C. M. Fanning and E. Deloule},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {44},

number = {4-5},

pages = {413--427},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cheng_etal2006,

title = {Metamorphic zircon from Xindian eclogite, Dabie Terrain: U-Pb age and oxygen isotope composition},

author = {D. G. Cheng and E. Deloule and T. Ni},

doi = {10.1007/s11430-004-5147-8},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Science in China, Series D Earth Sciences},

volume = {49},

number = {1},

pages = {68--76},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Stone_etal2005,

title = {Anomalously high dD values in an Archean ferropicritic melt: Implications for magma degassing},

author = {W. E. Stone and E. Deloule and S. Beresford and M. Fiorentini},

doi = {10.2113/gscanmin.43.5.1745},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {The Canadian Mineralogist},

volume = {43},

number = {Octobre},

pages = {1745--1758},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Garnier_etal2005_3,

title = {Age and significance of ruby-bearing marble from the red river shear zone, Northern Vietnam},

author = {V. Garnier and D. Ohnenstetter and G. Giuliani and H. Maluski and E. Deloule and T. Phan Trong and V. Hoang Quang},

doi = {10.2113/gscanmin.43.4.1315},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {The Canadian Mineralogist},

volume = {43},

number = {4},

pages = {1315--1329},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Demouchy_etal2005,

title = {Pressure and temperature-dependence of water solubility in Fe-free wadsleyite},

author = {S. Demouchy and E. Deloule and D. J. Frost and H. Keppler},

doi = {10.2138/am.2005.1751},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {90},

number = {7},

pages = {1084--1091},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule+Wiedenbeck2005,

title = {Analytical developments in secondary ion mass spectrometry 2003},

author = {E. Deloule and M. Wiedenbeck},

doi = {10.1111/j.1751-908X.2005.tb00653.x},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research},

volume = {29},

number = {1},

pages = {37--40},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Arndt_etal2005,

title = {Trace elements in the Merensky Reef and adjacent norites Bushveld Complex South Africa},

author = {N. Arndt and G. Jenner and M. Ohnenstetter and E. Deloule and A. H. Wilson},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-005-0030-x},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

volume = {40},

number = {5},

pages = {550--575},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2004,

title = {Oxygen and hydrogen isotope heteogeneity of clinopyroxene magacrysts from Nushan Volaco, SE China},

author = {Q. K. Xia and L. Dallai and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2003.10.014},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {209},

pages = {137--151},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mayer_etal2004,

title = {U-Pb single zircon of the Adamello Batholith, Southern Alps},

author = {A. Mayer and G. Cortiana and P. Dal and E. Deloule and R. De Pieri and P. Jobstraibizer},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Memorie di Scienze Geologiche},

volume = {55},

pages = {151--167},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Levresse_etal2004_2,

title = {Petrology, U/Pb dating and (C-O) stable isotope constraints on the source and evolution of the adakite-related Mezcala Fe-Au skarn district, Guerrero, Mexico},

author = {G. Levresse and E. Gonzalez-Partida and A. Carrillo-Chavez and J. Tritla and A. Camprubi and A. Cheilletz and D. Gasquet and E. Deloule},

doi = {10.1007/s00126-003-0403-y},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Mineralium Deposita},

volume = {39},

pages = {301--312},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Levresse_etal2004,

title = {Osmium, sulphur, and helium isotopic results from the giant Neoproterozoic epithermal Imiter silver deposit, Morocco: evidence for a mantle source},

author = {G. Levresse and A. Cheilletz and D. Gasquet and L. Reisberg and E. Deloule and B. Marty and K. Kyser},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.02.004},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {207},

number = {1-2},

pages = {59--79},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner_etal2003,

title = {Carbonatite and alkaline magmatism in Taourirt (Morocco): petrological, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotope characteristics},

author = {C. Wagner and A. Mokhtari and E. Deloule and F. Chabaux},

doi = {10.1093/petrology/44.5.937},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Petrology},

volume = {44},

number = {5},

pages = {937--965},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Stone_etal2003,

title = {Hydromagmatic amphibole in komatiitic, tholeiitic and ferropicritic units, Abitibi greenstone belt, Ontario and Quebec: evidence for Archaean wet basic and ultrabasic melts},

author = {W. E. Stone and E. Deloule and M. S. Stone},

doi = {10.1007/s00710-002-0194-3},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {77},

number = {1-2},

pages = {36--65},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule2003,

title = {Formation du Syst`eme Solaire et de ltextquoterightUnivers},

author = {E. Deloule},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Ltextquoterightactualit\'{e} chimique},

number = {ao^ut-septembre},

pages = {55--59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bruguier_etal2003,

title = {Application of in situ zircon geochronology and accessory phase chemistry to constraining basin development during post-collisional extension: a case study from the French Massif Central},

author = {O. Bruguier and J. F. Becq-Giraudon and M. Champenois and E. Deloule and J. Ludden and D. Mangin},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.08.005},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {201},

number = {3-4},

pages = {319--336},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2002_3,

title = {Preliminary U-Pb ion probe age determination of zircons from gneisses, Northern Dabie Terrain},

author = {Q. K. Xia and Y. J. Pan and D. G. Chen and E. Deloule},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

urldate = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Petrol Sin},

volume = {16},

number = {2},

pages = {199--202},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2002_2,

title = {Anomalously high dD values in the mantle},

author = {Q. E. Xia and E. Deloule and Y. B. Wu and D. G. Chen and H. Cheng},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},

volume = {29},

number = {21},

pages = {4-1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Xia_etal2002,

title = {Oxygen isotopic compositions of zircons from pyroxenite of Daoshichong, Dabieshan: implications for crust-mantle interaction},

author = {Q. Xia and E. Deloule and W. Yuanbao and D. Chen and H. Cheng},

doi = {10.1360/02tb9323},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},

volume = {47},

number = {17},

pages = {1466--1469},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wu_etal2002,

title = {SIMS U-Pb dating of zircons in granulite of Huangtuling from northern Dabieshan},

author = {Y. B. Wu and D. G. Chen and E. Deloule and Q. K. and Xia},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Petrol Sin},

volume = {18},

number = {3},

pages = {378--382},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Guillot_etal2002,

title = {Zircon U-Pb geochronolgy of Ordovician magmatism in the polycyclic Ruitor Massif (Internal W Alps)},

author = {F. Guillot and U. Schaltegger and J. M. Bertrand and E. Deloule and T. Baudin},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-002-0280-0},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {91},

number = {6},

pages = {964--978},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gillet_etal2002,

title = {Aqueous alteration in the Northwest Africa 817 (NWA 817) Martian meteorite},

author = {P. Gillet and J. A. Barrat and E. Deloule and M. Wadhwa and A. Jambon and V. Sautter and B. Devouard and D. Neuville and K. Benzerara and M. Lesourd},

doi = {10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00835-X},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {203},

number = {1},

pages = {431--444},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal2002,

title = {In-situ U-Pb zircon ages for Early Ordovician magmatism in the eastern Pyrenees, France: the Canigou orthogneisses},

author = {E. Deloule and P. Alexandrov and A. Cheilletz and P. Laumonier and P. Barbey},

doi = {10.1007/s00531-001-0232-0},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {91},

number = {3},

pages = {398--405},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Decitre_etal2002,

title = {Behavior of Li and its isotopes during serpentinization of oceanic peridotites},

author = {S. Decitre and E. Deloule and L. Reisberg and R. James and C. M\'{e}vel},

doi = {10.1029/2001GC000178},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {G-cubed},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chen_etal2002,

title = {Metamorphic zircon from Shuanghe ultra-high pressure eclogite, Dabieshan: ion microprobe and internal micro-structure study},

author = {D. G. Chen and E. Deloule and Q. K. and Xia},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Petrol Sin},

volume = {18},

number = {3},

pages = {369--377},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal2001,

title = {U-Pb isotopic study of relict zircon inclusions recovered from Muong Nong-type tektites},

author = {E. Deloule and M. Chaussidon and B. P. Glass and C. Koeberg},

doi = {10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00548-8},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {65},

number = {11},

pages = {1833--1838},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chen_etal2001,

title = {Zircon SIMS ages and chemical compositions from Northern Dabie terrain: implication for pyroxenite genesis},

author = {D. Chen and X. Wang and E. Deloule and B. Li and Q. Xia and H. Cheng and Y. Wu},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Chinese Science Bulletin},

volume = {46},

number = {12},

pages = {1047--1050},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Chabiron_etal2001,

title = {Geochemistry of the rhyolitic magmas from the Streltsovka caldera ( Transbaikalia, Russia) : a melt inclusion study},

author = {A. Chabiron and A. P. Alyoshin and M. Cuney and E. Deloule and V. N. Golubev and V. I. Velitchkin and B. Poty},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology (Isotope Geoscience Section)},

volume = {175},

number = {3-4},

pages = {273--290},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Alexandrov_etal2001_2,

title = {331+-9 Ma emplacement age of the Soultz monzogranite (Rhine Graben basement) by U/Pb ion-probe zircon dating of samples from 5 km depth},

author = {P. Alexandrov and J. J. Royer and E. Deloule},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus de ltextquoterightAcad\'{e}mie des Sciences, s\'{e}rie II. Sciences de la Terre et des plan`etes},

volume = {332},

number = {12},

pages = {747--754},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kong_etal2000,

title = {REE-bearing sulfide in Bishunpur (LL3.1), a highly unequilibrated ordinary chondrite},

author = {P. Kong and E. Deloule and H. Palme},

doi = {10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00037-6},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {177},

number = {1-2},

pages = {1--7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Georges_etal2000,

title = {Experimental constraints on alkali condensation in chondrule formation},

author = {P. Georges and G. Libourel and E. Deloule},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics \& Planetary Science},

volume = {35},

number = {6},

pages = {1183--1188},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Alexandrov_etal2000,

title = {319 +- 7 Ma crystallisation age for the Blond granite (northwest Limousin, French Massif Central) obtained by U/Pb ion-probe dating of zircons},

author = {P. Alexandrov and A. Cheilletz and E. Deloule and M. Cuney},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus de ltextquoterightAcad\'{e}mie des Sciences (Paris), s\'{e}rie II. Sciences de la Terre et des plan`etes},

volume = {330},

pages = {1--7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Robert+Deloule1999,

title = {Dtextquoterighto`u vient ltextquoterighteau du Syst`eme Solaire?: Quelques microns de roches extraterrestres imposent un nouveau sc\'{e}nario},

author = {F. Robert and E. Deloule},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {La Recherche},

number = {320},

pages = {70--74},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Engrand_etal1999,

title = {Extraterrestrial water in micrometeorites and cosmic spherules from Antarctica : an ion microprobe study},

author = {C. Engrand and E. Deloule and F. Robert and M. Maurette and G. Kurat},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Meteoritics \& Planetary Science},

volume = {34},

number = {5},

pages = {773--786},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal1999,

title = {Interstellar hydroxyls in meteoritic chondrules : implications for the origin of water in the inner solar system},

author = {E. Deloule and F. Robert and J. -C. Doukhan},

year  = {1999},

date = {1999-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {62},

number = {19/20},

pages = {3367--3378},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Stone_etal1997,

title = {Evidence for hydrous high-MgO melts in the Precambrian},

author = {W. E. Stone and E. Deloule and M. S. Larson and C. M. Lesher},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Geology},

volume = {25},

pages = {143--146},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Schiano_etal1997,

title = {Primitive basalts melts included in podiform chromites from the Oman Ophiolite},

author = {P. Schiano and R. Clocchiatti and J. P. Lorand and D. Massare and E. Deloule and M. Chaussidon},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {146},

pages = {489--497},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Henry_etal1997,

title = {The erosion of the Alps : Nd isotopic and geochemical constraints on the sources of the peri-alpine molasse sediments},

author = {P. Henry and E. Deloule and A. Michard},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {146},

pages = {627--644},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wagner_etal1996,

title = {Richterite-bearing peridotites and MARID-type inclusions in lavas from North Eastern Morocco : mineralogy and D/H isotopic studies},

author = {C. Wagner and E. Deloule and A. Moktari},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology},

volume = {124},

pages = {406--421},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Schiano_etal1996,

title = {Normal MORB-type melts included in podiform chromites form the oman ophiolite. Dynamique et \'{e}conomie de la terre},

author = {P. Schiano and R. Clocchiatti and J. P. Lorand and D. Massacre and E. Deloule and M. Chaussidon},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus de ltextquoterightAcad\'{e}mie des Sciences, s\'{e}rie II},

volume = {309},

pages = {315--318},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Demars_etal1996,

title = {Cathodoluminescence of quartz from sandstones : interpretation of the UV range by determination of trace element distributions and fluid-inclusion P-T-X properties in authigenic quartz},

author = {C. Demars and M. Pagel and E. Deloule and P. Blanc},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {American Mineralogist},

volume = {81},

pages = {891--901},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Auffret_etal1996,

title = {Enregistrement de ltextquoterightactivit\'{e} hydrothermale dans les s\'{e}diments de la dorsale m\'{e}dio-atlantique au sud des A\c{c}ores},

author = {G. A. Auffret and T. Richter and J. -L. Reyss and C. Organo and E. Deloule and J. -F. Gaillard and B. Dennielou and C. M\"{u}ller and B. Thomas and P. Watremez and F. Grousset and A. Boelaert and P. Cambon and J. Etoubleau},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus de ltextquoterightAcad\'{e}mie des Sciences (Paris), s\'{e}rie II},

volume = {323},

pages = {583--590},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Merino_etal1995,

title = {Genesis of agates in flood basalts : twisting of chalcedony fibers and trace-element geochemistry},

author = {E. Merino and Y. Wang and E. Deloule},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Science},

volume = {295},

pages = {1156--1176},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule+Robert1995,

title = {Interstellar water in meteorites},

author = {E. Deloule and F. Robert},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},

volume = {59},

number = {22},

pages = {4695--4706},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal1995,

title = {Ion microprobe determination of water in silicate glasses : methods and applications},

author = {E. Deloule and O. Paillat and M. Pichavant and B. Scaillet},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {125},

pages = {19--28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Henry_etal1994,

title = {Erosion des Alpes : histoire m\'{e}tamorphique des roches \'{e}rod\'{e}es par ltextquoterightanalyse du couple Rb-Sr des s\'{e}diments molassiques},

author = {P. Henry and E. Deloule and A. Michard},

year  = {1994},

date = {1994-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus de ltextquoterightAcad\'{e}mie des Sciences, s\'{e}rie II},

volume = {318},

pages = {1637--1644},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal1992_2,

title = {Instrumental Limitations for Isotope Measurements with a Cameca ims-3f Ion Microprobe ?\u{I} Example of H, B, S and Sr},

author = {E. Deloule and M. Chaussidon and P. All\'{e}},

year  = {1992},

date = {1992-01-01},

journal = {Chemical Geology},

volume = {101},

pages = {187--192},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Deloule_etal1991,

title = {Hydrogen isotope heterogeneities in the mantle from ion probe analysis of amphiboles from ultramafic rocks},

author = {E. Deloule and F. Albar`ede and S. M. F. Sheppard},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-01-01},

journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},

volume = {105},

pages = {543--553},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}